Great Depression and Roaring ’20s COLTON BIVEN

HERBERT HOOVER President ( ) Engineer and philanthropist Secretary of Commerce under Harding and Coolidge. President at the start of the Great Depression and believer in “Volunteerism”. v/history/presidents/hh31. html

WARREN HARDING President ( ) “Normalcy” Corruption  TeaPot Dome  Daugherty and Liquor  Affairs Died in Office v/history/presidents/wh29. html /ce6/history/A htm l

CULTURE WARS Nativism  Ku Klux Klan Fundamentalism  Scopes Trial Youth Movement  Flappers Organized Crime  Prohibition Race and Ethnicity  Immigration Act of 1921 and 1924  Harlem Renaissance history.com/pages/h1398.html heek3/roaring_twenties.htm

AMERICA BECOMES MODERN First census to indicate Majority of America lived in urban areas-split between urban and rural. Creation of “generation gap” and “juvenile delinquency”-split between old and young. Major shift in ethnic trends brought on by immigration laws. Movement of African- Americans to urban North.

CONSUMERISM High Employment Commercial Credit Rise of Madison Avenue  The “hard sell”  Mass marketing Low Savings Rates New Consumer Luxury Items edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=454

1920S ECONOMIC POLICY Sec. of Treasury Andrew Mellon  Believed in “trickle-down” economics  Cut or eliminated taxes for rich Heavy investment in stocks Protective tariffs /people//smant/m- economics/crash1929.htm

CALVIN COOLIDGE President ( ) Called “Silent Cal” Caretaker President Support based on prosperity e.gov/history/presiden ts/cc30.html

THE GREAT DEPRESSION Contributing Factors  Maldistribution of Income  Protective tariffs  Overinvestment in Stocks  Sick industries  High debt/low savings  Money Supply Started in October 1929 Reached worst point in 1933 with 24.9% unemployment garoo/Timeline.htm

1 ST NEW DEAL First term Most Dynamic Period of Legislation Focused on Relief, Reform, and Recovery  21 st Amendment  Civilian Conservation Corps  Tennessee Valley Authority  Agricultural Adjustment Act  National Industrial Recovery Act  Securities and Exchange Commission  Federal Depositors Insurance Corporation u/gen/20th/1930s/newdeal. html

2 ND NEW DEAL 2 nd Term Focused more on dealing with critics and helping labor Social Security Act Fair Labor Standards Act 2 nd AAA

FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT President ( ) Well-liked. Promised “New Deal” but had few specifics Influenced by Progressives Paraplegic v/history/presidents/fr32.h tml

CHALLENGERS Conservatives Socialists Southerners Politicians  Huey Long  Father Charles Coughlin  Dr. Francis Townsend Supreme Court  Schechter v. US  Butler v. US du/hist102/lectures/lec ture20.html