History of Astronomy Review. Universe in 2 parts: imperfect Earth and perfect heavens – 55 spheres.

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Presentation transcript:

History of Astronomy Review

Universe in 2 parts: imperfect Earth and perfect heavens – 55 spheres

Believed that the heavens were perfect; motion & shapes circles and spheres

Epicycles used to explain retrograde motion

Made repeated observations; believed the heliocentric model where sun and moon orbit earth, but all other planets orbit the sun

Aligned sunset, sunrise and moonset at solstices

Measured Earth’s radius using shadows

Celestial bodies are spheres moving around a central fire that is blocked out by a counter Earth

Planets move on elliptical paths at non- uniform velocities

f=ma

Discovered moons of Jupiter, rings of Saturn, phases of Venus, sunspots

P 2 /A 3

Heliocentric universe

Every two particles of matter attract each other with a force dependent on mass and inverse square of distance

Planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits

An object remains in motion or at rest unless acted upon by an outside force

A planet sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time

The extent to which an ellipse is stretched

Amount of light reflected from the surface of a planet

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