Lecture 11 SIE 509 – Principles of GIS Connie Holden Office: Rm 134 Boardman Phone:

Lecture 12 Lecture 1 Course Introduction and Introduction to GIS

Lecture 13 Text GIS Fundamentals (4 th Ed.) Paul Bolstad Eider Press White Bear Lake, Minnesota 2012 ISBN:

Lecture 14 Software Distance students need to purchase ArcGIS for Home Use The price is $100 for a 12-month license. – Download vs. CD ($25) On campus students have access to the program in the SIE lab, but may also choose to purchase a copy.

Lecture 15 COURSE OBJECTIVES: This is an introductory course designed to provide the student with: – An overview of the development and basic principles of geographic information systems. – Practical experience in the use of ArcGIS 10.x (one of the most popular commercial GIS packages). – The implementation of a GIS project using available data.

Lecture 16 Online Course Materials Course Materials: Live Broadcast: Available at Online students may view and participate in the live sessions but are not required to do so. Archived Broadcasts: Links to the class broadcasts are made available at the end of each day through the Lectures link for this course.

Lecture 17 Topics Introduction to GIS Spatial Data Data Models Data Collection Digital Data Sources Data Input and Editing Database Management Data Analysis

Lecture 18 Topics (continued) Analytical Modeling Data Quality Issues GIS Project Development will be integrated through out the semester

Lecture 19 Assignments Labs – Eight to 10 lab exercises. – Lab exercises have differing point values (25-50 Points), depending upon the length and difficulty of the exercise. Project – The project should be implemented using GIS software. – The project can be related to your research, or be on another topic of interest.

Lecture 110 Project Examples Small Scale Variation of Atlantic Cod in Inshore Gulf of Maine Analysis of Maine Moose & Automobile Crashes A Geographic Analysis of Drug Abuse Offenses in Northern New England A Geographic Analysis of Applications for Admission to UM Creation of a map and database of the Orono bike trails Changes in UM green space over time

Lecture 111 Access to Facilities among Bangor’s Low Income Population Mapping China’s Long March An Analysis of Campus Crime and the Placement of Blue Lights. Mapping the Fay Hyland Botanical Garden The Joys and Sorrows of Geocoding Landslides along the Maine Coast Glacial geology in Miers Valley, Antarctica ATM Locations in Bangor

Lecture 112 Project Dates Proposal – Sept. 24 List of data files and their source – Oct. 15 Data dictionary – Nov. 12 Oral presentations begin – Dec. 8 Final report and CD with project – Dec. 17

Lecture 113 Exams There are two exams scheduled: – Exam 1 - Oct. 20 – Exam 2 – Dec. 3 Grading Lab exercises 25% Exams (2) 25% each Project 25% Plus and minus grading will be used.

Lecture 114 L1 – An Introduction to GIS Chapter 1

Lecture 115 What does GIS stand for? G eographic (Geography) I nformation S ystem

Lecture 116 What is a Geographic Information System? Geographic Information System (GIS) – A computer- based system for the collection, storage, organization, maintenance, and analysis of spatially- referenced data, and the output of spatially- referenced information. – Data – Any collection of related facts; the basic elements of information. – Information - Data that have been processed to be useful; provides answers to "who", "what", "where", and "when" questions Information can only come from accurate data (GIGO).

Lecture 117 GIS Software Tools (the frustrating part) GIS started at universities as research tools – Harvard, Yale, Minnesota, Clark University GIS software have evolved to robust (sort of) tools capable of a wide variety of tasks Primary flavors ESRI (ArcGIS)Intergraph MicroimagesAutocadMapInfo ERDASIdrisiManifold GRASSGeoMedia

Malarial Deaths per 10,000 People Lecture

Database

Map of Syrian Refugees Lecture

The Search For Patterns Displaying spatial data on a map allows us to search for patterns. Mapping the Spread of Ebola Lecture

The Power of GIS The interaction between the database and the map, along with the ability to create graphs.

Lecture 123 What are the components of a GIS? We understand GIS to be computer facilitated system But it is NOT only software and hardware Also includes: Data – both spatial and aspatial Trained personnel Supporting Institution Protocols for use

Data for a GIS Spatial data – you can attach coordinate information. 2D maps (X,Y) Lecture

3D –Maps (X,Y,Z) Lecture

4D Maps – (X,Y,Z & T) Lecture 126

Lecture 127 What types of data are used in a GIS? Coordinate data Connection information Descriptive information Temporal information Images Documents URL’s

Lecture 128 What types of questions can be answered by a GIS? Where are particular features found? What geographic patterns exist? Where have changes occurred over a specified time period? Where do certain conditions apply? What will be the implications if an organization takes a certain action?

Lecture 129 GIS allows us to abstract information from the physical world and display it in layers or themes. It allows us to: Input and edit both spatial and attribute data. Display data on a screen or print a map. Analyze the data for making decisions. Create models and ask “what if”. How does a GIS answer spatial questions?

Lecture 130 How is spatial data represented in a GIS? Vectors Points, Lines & Areas/Polygons Raster Grids/Tesselations

Lecture 131 What is difference between a database management system and a database? A database management system (DBMS) is a software package with computer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and use of a database. It allows organizations to conveniently develop databases for various applications. A database is an integrated collection of data records, files, and other objects

Lecture 132 Applications of GIS Urban Planning, Management & Policy Zoning, subdivision planning Land acquisition Economic development Code enforcement Housing renovation programs Emergency response Crime analysis Tax assessment Environmental Sciences Monitoring environmental risk Modeling storm water runoff Management of watersheds, floodplains, wetlands, forests, aquifers Environmental Impact Analysis Hazardous or toxic facility siting Groundwater modeling and contamination tracking Political Science Redistricting Analysis of election results Predictive modeling Civil Engineering/Utility Locating underground facilities Designing alignment for freeways, transit Coordination of infrastructure maintenance Business Demographic Analysis Market Penetration/ Share Analysis Site Selection Education Administration Attendance Area Maintenance Enrollment Projections School Bus Routing Real Estate Neighborhood land prices Traffic Impact Analysis Determination of Highest and Best Use Health Care Epidemiology Needs Analysis Service Inventory

Lecture 133 Applications of GIS (cont’d) Political Science Redistricting Analysis of election results Predictive modeling Health Care Epidemiology Needs Analysis Service Inventory

Lecture 134 GIS Before Computers Cholera Map of Dr. John Snow (UK 1850s)

Lecture 135 There’s Another GIS/GISc Geographic Information Science – comprehending the underlying conceptual issues of representing data and processes in space-time – the science (or theory and concepts) behind the technology GI Science is the focus of the research in this department.

Lecture 136 DEMO

Lecture 137 Assignment – Chapter 1 of Text