10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, 2007 - Budapest, Hungary Do ontologies work? Barriers and Possibilities to Implement Ontologies in (Health)

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10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Do ontologies work? Barriers and Possibilities to Implement Ontologies in (Health) Information Systems workshop

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Currently, there are a large number of biomedical ontology development projects a number of more or less mature medical ontologies available on the Internet. However, it is extremely difficult to find practical examples of ontologies that are integrated in (health) information systems in daily use.

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary 1. The scale and the multiplicity activities tasks and users. 2. Conflicts between the user requirements and rigorous software development 3. The complexity of clinical pragmatics 4. Separation of language and concept representation 5. Clinical conventions often do not conform to logic and linguistic paradigms. 6. Underestimation of the difficulty of developing description formalism and its use to develop medical ontologies. 7. Due to the lack of clinical consensus terminology must be open ended and allow local tailoring. 8. Idiosyncratic structure of existing classifications 9. Need to be coherent with medical record and messaging models 10. Change must be managed without corrupting information already recorded Rector AL. Clinical terminology: why is it so hard? Methods Inf Med. 1999;38(4–5):239–52

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Cimino’s DesiderataRector's Clinical terminology: why is it so hard Concept OrientationSeparation of language and concepts Content/CoverageScale and diversity of use ComprehensivenessScale and diversity of use Non-ambiguitySeparation of language and concepts Formal Concept Representation Poly-hierarchyMultiple views and multiple hierarchies Formal DefinitionsFormal Concept Representation Multiple consistent views Multiple views and multiple hierarchies Multiple granularities Differences in granularity Nonsemantic identifiersMultiple views and multiple hierarchies Recognise redundancyCriteria for classifying concepts Criteria for determining when two concepts are equivalent Evolve gracefullyChange Management Concept permanenceFormal Concept Representation Multiple views and multiple hierarchies Separation of language and concepts Reject ‘not elsewhere classified’The legacy of existing classifications and coding systems Representing ContextMeeting the needs of electronic patient records Cimino J J Desiderata for controlled medical vocabularies in the 21th century Met Inf Med 1998;37:

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Separation from language "We are analog beings trapped in a digital world… We are compliant, flexible, tolerant. Yet we have constructed a world of machines that requires us to be rigid, fixed, intolerant" (Donald A Norman) Production of new knowledge in form of free text: Huge effort to update formal systems

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Separation from language We are seeking for something, that can used better to describe medical facts, than human language. Umberto Eco: La ricerca della lingua perfetta nella cultura europea (Search for a perfect language in the European Culture)

10th Intl. Protégé Conference - July 15-18, Budapest, Hungary Theoretical: Is it possible? Practical: Is it (financially) manageable? Organisational: Is it what we really need? Ontology Interoperability