I.The Colonies w/in the Empire A. Mercantilism- Closed Economic System? Why did the powers of Europe seek Empire? –Based on two assumptions. –Bullionism l

I.Colonies w/in Empire B. Navigation Laws: For the good of the Empire? –Board of Trade by –Privy Council –First Acts 1650: Hat Act, Iron Act, Woolen Cloth, Currency, Gin, Molasses Act 1733

I. The Colonies w/in Empire C. Colonies Thrived w/in system? –Agricultural Commodities –Shipbuilding: Critical to British Power –Trade-Triangular and otherwise –Colonial Cities –Ben Franklin: Paid Lobbyist

II. The Great War for Empire (AKAThe French & Indian War) A : Why did it start? -Early: Braddock -William Pitt -Treat of Paris 1763 B. British Victory changes everything -Doubled the size of the British Debt! -Doubled British Territory

French and Indian War Images Albany Plan of Union Plains of Abraham

III. Changes in the Empire A. British change view on how to run Colonial America to a more Rational Approach to Empire. -Early Br.-Col. Conflicts 1.Experience during war causes enmity 2.Writs of Assistance 3.Proclamation of 1763

IV. New Imperial Policy British believed that colonies should help to pay off the debt from the war that mostly benefitted the American Colonies. Colonists should also pay for their own defense. Lord Grenville’s Dilemma?

IV. New Imperial Policy Problem? Sugar Act 1764 Reaction? Stamp Act 1765 Reaction?

Reaction to Stamp Act Constitutionally “No Taxation without Representation” Did the Colonists want representation in Parliament?? Forceful Resistance Sam Adams Sons of Liberty Stamp Act Congress Boycott

Reaction to the Stamp Act

Stamp Act Repealed British still need revenue Declaratory Act Why? Lesson for the Colonists? Townshend Duties-Why did the British government think the colonists would react differently? Colonial Reaction –Letters From A Farmer In Pennsylvania –John Dickinson

Townshend Duties Failure Difference in concept of Representstion Virtual Representation vs. Small Duty/Tax on Tea Remains Deputy Representation Colonial Resistance Contiues

Tar and Feathering

Differring Points of View American Colonists Admiralty Courts Troops quartered in NY Suspension of NY Assembly Taxation John Wilkes Troops moved to Boston in 1768 Lessons learned British Government

Boston 1770 Situation in Boston Impact of Troops Impact of Unemployment HMS Romney seizes Liberty Christopher Seider’s Murder

The Boston Massacre ( March 5,1770 )

Boston Massacre Reality??

The Gaspee Incident (1772) Providence, RI coast

Committees of Correspondence Purpose  warn neighboring colonies about incidents with Br.  broaden the resistance movement.

Tea Act (1773) 8 British East India Co.:  Monopoly on Br. tea imports.  Many members of Parl. held shares.  Permitted the Co. to sell tea directly to cols. without col. middlemen (cheaper tea!) 8 North expected the cols. to eagerly choose the cheaper tea.

Boston Tea Party (1773)

The Coercive or Intolerable Acts (1774) Lord North 1. Port Bill 2. Government Act 4. Administration of Justice Act 3. New Quartering Act

The Quebec Act (1774)

Boston Canonaded

What is happening in this Cartoon? Quarter it.

First Continental Congress (1774) 55 delegates from 12 colonies Agenda  How to respond to the Coercive Acts & the Quebec Act? 1 vote per colony represented.

The British Are Coming... Paul Revere & William Dawes make their midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of approaching British soldiers.

The Shot Heard ’ Round the World ! Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775

The Second Continental Congress (1775) Olive Branch Petition

Thomas Paine : Common Sense

Declaration of Independence (1776)

Declaration of Independence

Independence Hall

New National Symbols