Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 1 Family Salmonidae (Trouts and Allies)  Usually recognized as three subfamilies. oSalmon and Trout oGraylings oWhitefish  Species of interest: oAtlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 2 Salmon and Trout  Have fine scales and a short dorsal fin  Dominate cold water (Northeast U.S.)  Anadromous Atlantic Salmon

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 3 Advantages of Anadromy  Excellent dispersal mechanism and allows re-colonization of newly available areas  Streams afford protection for young  Availability of small fish and shrimp in the ocean allows for rapid growth

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 4 Osmoregulation of Fishes  Osmoconformers - have internal ionic concentrations identical to the surrounding water  Osmoregulators - control the internal ionic concentration of their tissues

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 5 Osmoregulation of fishes

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 6 Life History stages of Anadromous Salmonids  Alevin (yolk-sac larvae)  Fry  Smolt  Adults

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 7 Salmonidae Development

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 8 Aquaculture of Salmonids  Some facilities raise individuals from hatch to harvest  Others only raise individuals a short time and release them to enrich natural populations.  What are some problems associated with aquaculture?

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 9 Salmonidae Aquaculture Egg and Milt Harvest Fish Pens Prince William Sound Aquaculture

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 10 Family Synodontidae  Lizardfishes  Local species: oInshore Lizardfish (Synodus foetens) oSand Diver (Synodus intermedius) Synodus intermedius

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 11 Synodontidae  Benthic dwellers that usually occur in shallow water  Ambush predators, blends with surroundings Synodus foetens

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 12 Family Batrachoididae  Toadfishes  Local species: oOyster Toadfish (Opsanus tau) oAtlantic Midshipman (Porichthys plectrodon) Opsanus tau

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 13 Batrachoididae Characteristics  Well camouflaged benthic marine fishes oCommon in shallow water habitats  Naked body, barbels around the mouth oSome species have two lateral lines  Dorsal fin has spines

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 15 Batrachoididae Vocalizations  Oyster Toadfish and Midshipman make incredibly loud sounds by vibrating its swimbladder

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 16 Swimbladders  The density of seawater increases the buoyancy of the animals that live in it oSwimbladders constitute only 5% of the body volume in marine spp. o7% in freshwater spp.

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 17 Physostomous Swimbladders  Has a connection between the swimbladder and the gut (pneumatic duct) oInflate swimbladder by gulping air at the surface  Usually found in ancestral soft-rayed fishes (Herrings, Salmonids and Cyprinids)

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 18 Physoclistous Swimbladders  Have special structures associated with the circulatory system oA network of capillaries and gas gland allow the inflation and deflation of the swimbladder  Frees fish from their dependency on the surface

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 19 Order Lophiiformes  Goosefish and Frogfishes  Fishes in this order are commonly called Anglerfishes oFamily Lophiidae Goosefishes oFamily Antennariidae Frogfishes Goosefish

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 20 Goosefishes  All have similar methods in attracting prey (Anglerfish) oIllicium oEsca oIllicium and esca are waved to mimic and attract prey

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 21 Common Species  Goosefish (Lophius americanus) oMarketed as Monkfish oCan reach 4ft. 50lbs.

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 22 Family Antennaridae (Frogfishes)  Associate with drifting Sargassum and hard structures on the benthos  Share many similar characteristics with Lophiidae  Have globose bodies that can walk across the bottom on their pectoral and pelvic fins

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 23 Antennaridae Characteristics  Scales resemble projections  Limited to the 20° isotherm

Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 24 Common species  Sargassumfish (Histrio histrio)  Drifts in Sargassum blending with its surroundings

Family Ogcocephalidae  Roughback Batfish  Ogcocephalus parvus Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 25

Batfish Salmonidae thru Antennaridae 26