Life in the Big City.

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Presentation transcript:

Life in the Big City

Life in 1900 Life expectancy Family size 1900: 46.3 yrs for men 48.3 yrs for women Family size 5.7 kids for laborers 5.2 children for skilled workers Top 12% of nation controlled 86% of wealth in 1900; lowest 44% controlled 1.5%

Urbanization Major cities developing during this time are Boston, NYC, Philadelphia, Chicago, Baltimore From 1860 to 1910 city population increases dramatically. By 1920, majority of Americans move from rural to urban areas. One of the major factors for this growth was eastern European immigrants.

Immigration 1860-1890: Large amount of Irish and German immigrants. 1890: NYC has as many Germans as Hamburg, 2x as many Irish as Dublin. Some came for religious freedom others for a better way of life. After 1890: Immigrants flow in from Italy, Poland, Greece http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/immigration/tour/index.htm

Immigration (Con’t) 4 out of 5 New Yorkers were born abroad or were children of immigrants Discrimination by native-born Americans Some stopped speaking native language for fear of being prosecuted

Family Life Everyone in the family contributed in one way or another: Women did laundry and took care of boarders Children went to work as young as 10 years old Most children stopped their education to help support the family.

Housing in Urban Cities

NYC Slums

Water Becomes a Problem Skyrocketing population; not enough clean drinking water Poor (or no) indoor plumbing Disease (cholera, smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, whooping cough, measles, scarlet fever) 20% infant mortality rate in Chicago in 1900 Filtration and chlorination introduced in late 19th and early 20th century

Crime Runs Wild Pickpockets and thieves, murder Ethnic street gangs NYC: first police department, 1853 Widespread corruption and cooperation between criminals and police

Final Questions Whose responsibility is it to deal with these problems? How does reform and positive change usually happen in America?

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