The New Crusade World War II and the Foundations of the Cold War.

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Presentation transcript:

The New Crusade World War II and the Foundations of the Cold War

I. The “Good” War - Civilization in the balance totalitarianism racism inequality poverty

A. Appeasement 1. Rhineland ‘36 2. Anschluss ‘37 3. Munich Agreement ‘38 4. Russo-German Non-Aggression Pact ‘39

B. Early struggles 1.France / Battle of Britain, Soviet Union, 1941

C. Western Alliance 1. The Atlantic Charter internationalism

2. US as international power - June , United Nations Charter

D. Domestic liberalism - civil rights - women’s rights - social welfare

II. Origins of a New World Order

A. Groundwork 1. War in Russia Battle of Stalingrad, 1942 Battle of Kursk, 1943

2. Second front - D-Day

3. Yalta Conference January 1945

B. The Iron Curtain 1.Winston Churchill, 1946

C. Indirect opposition – Truman Doctrine 2. Marshall Plan

3. “Atomic Diplomacy”

III. Life in the Atomic Age

A Turning point a – Berlin Airlift b – China “lost” c – Russian bomb d – Korean War

B. Idealism to paranoia 1.McCarthyism - HUAC 2.Containment - George F. Kennan - NATO Joseph McCarthy

C. War by Proxy 1.Deterrence Berlin Wall 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis

2. JFK - flexible response

3. “Our Son-of-a-Bitch” Syndrome - freedom fighters?

E. Detente 1.Richard Nixon / Henry Kissinger Cold War as a permanent condition 1972 – Nixon in China Mao Tse-tung (Zedong)

F. Neo-Conservatism and the End of the Cold War, Reagan / Thatcher military strength hostility to “socialist” domestic policies unabashed patriotism

2. Mikhail Gorbachev Glasnost = “openness” Perestroika = “economic / administrative reform” , Berlin Wall comes down The End of History and the Last Man - Fukuyama

Social Impact of the Cold War: a Brief Synopsis

I. Soviet Bloc A. Communist society 1. Emphasis on heavy industry fewer consumer goods 2. Heavily-subsidized social needs inequities of wealth largely eliminated women afforded legal equality

B. Limits of communism 1. No “civil society” - pollution - corruption 2. Nationalism Hungarian Revolution Prague Spring 1980s - Lech Walesa Solidarity

II. Western Bloc A. “We will bury you!” 1. Economic race - GATT - consumerism - building a middle class 2. Baby boom

B. Youth Culture 1. Defiance consumerism 2. Politicization Vietnam; Sexual Revolution; environmentalism