Early People and River Civilizations

Early People Hunters and Gatherers –Nomads: People who move to find food Paleolithic: Stone Age –Used simple tools and Language Spiritual Beliefs –Buried dead with tools and weapons, and with care.

Cultural Diffusion What does this mean?What does this mean?

Scientists believe that humans migrated from Africa into Europe, across Asia, and then across the land bridge to N. America. What else came with these people?

Neolithic Revolution Warming ClimateWarming Climate –Permanent settlements based on Agriculture. (Traditional Economy) Social classesSocial classes –New technology Domesticated AnimalsDomesticated Animals

Egypt

Nile River Egypt is a country located on the continent of Africa. The Nile River runs through Egypt. The Nile River allowed the people of Egypt to develop and thrive.

Polytheistic….. God ofNameAppearance SunRahead of falcon and sun disk MusicHathorhorns of cow and sun disk DestructionSekhmethead of lion SkyNutblue with golden stars EarthGebcolour of plants and Nile mud DeadOsirisdressed in white with crook and flail DesertSethanimal head with long curved snout PharoahHorushead of hawk and crown of Egypt MagicIsisthrone on head or holding baby WisdomThothhead of ibis EmbalmingAnubishead of jackal JusticeMa'atfeather in her hair CreationAmuncrowned with feathers CatsBastethead of cat

Pharaoh: Pharaoh: God and a King. Dynasty:

Egyptian Social ClassesPharaohPriests Nobles Craftspeople and Merchants Peasant Farmers Slaves Women had the highest statues in Egypt compared to any other ancient culture.

Contributions Advances in Science and ArtAdvances in Science and Art Human Anatomy, from mummification.Human Anatomy, from mummification. CalendarCalendar Monuments.Monuments. Hieroglyphics.Hieroglyphics.

Recap: Ancient River Civilization Social Hierarchy Language Art Science Religion Government

Mesopotamia Tigris and Euphrates riversTigris and Euphrates rivers Fertile CrescentFertile Crescent PolytheisticPolytheistic Government:Government: –Each city had a hereditary ruler. –Collected taxes, enforced laws. Social ClassesSocial Classes Strong trade economyStrong trade economy Irrigation SystemsIrrigation Systems Cuneiform: system of writingCuneiform: system of writing Algebra and GeometryAlgebra and Geometry

Other Middle East Civilizations Assyrians Persians Babylonians –HAMMURABI: Code of Hammurabi: a set of written laws. Established standards of justice for all classes. “an eye for an eye.” Punishment was harsh. If any one bring an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death. If any one is committing a robbery and is caught, then he shall be put to death.

Characteristics of a Civilization SettlementSettlement LanguageLanguage GovernmentGovernment ReligionReligion Art/ArchitectureArt/Architecture Social StructureSocial Structure

Assignment Venn Diagram comparing Egypt to Mesopotamia