Ancient Indian Civilizations WHI. 4b

Geography of India Physical Barriers that protected India from invasion: - How did people migrate to India? 1) The two major rivers of India 2)

Geography of India Indus River Harappa Ganges Mohenjo-Daro

Indus River Ganges Geography of India Hindu Kush Mtns. Himalaya Mtns. Harappa Ganges Mohenjo-Daro

Physical barriers that protected India from invasion: Himalaya Mountains Hindu Kush Mountains Indian Ocean

How did people migrate to India? People migrated through mountain passes in the Hindu Kush—Known as the Khyber Pass

The major rivers of India= 1) 2)

Indian Civilization The FRAME Routine Essential details Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. The Aryans are best remembered in India for- The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

Indian Civilization The FRAME Routine Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. The Aryans are best remembered in India for- The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

Beginning of Indian Civilization Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Beginning of Indian Civilization Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)

Beginning of Indian Civilization: Began in the Indus River Valley Spread to the Ganges Spread without interruption because of location Major Cities= Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

Beginning of Indian Civilization Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Beginning of Indian Civilization Aryan Migration Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Spread without interruption b/c of location Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)

Dots vs No Dots Directions: Each student will either be a “Dot” or “No Dot” If you’re a “Dot” you want to be in a group with the largest percentage of just “Dots” If you’re a “No Dot” you want to try and infiltrate (sneak into) “Dot” groups You may not show anyone you’re card, you may only ask The group with the largest percentage of pure “Dots” will be rewarded

Aryan Migration Migrated into India and dominated Created the Caste System Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do

The Aryans Indo-European people who migrated across Europe and Asia Sought water and pasture for their horses and cattle Cattle were a major characteristic of the Aryans Fought with chariots and bows Originally nomadic, later settled as farmers We know very little about the Aryans Built no cities and left few artifacts

Beginning of Indian Civilization Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Beginning of Indian Civilization Aryan Migration Mauryan Empire Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details Migrated to India and dominated Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Created the Caste System Spread without interruption b/c of location The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)

Mauryan Empire (321-185 B.C.E) Greatest ruler= Emperor Asoka

Contributions of Mauryan Empire: Unified the people of India Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads

Beginning of Indian Civilization Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Beginning of Indian Civilization Aryan Migration Mauryan Empire Gupta Empire Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details Migrated to India and dominated Greatest Ruler= Emperor Asoka Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Created the Caste System Unified the people of India Spread without interruption b/c of location The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)

Gupta Empire (320-550 C.E.) Gupta= Golden Age of Indian Culture

Contributions of Gupta Empire: Math (concept of zero) Medical advances (setting bones) Astronomy (round earth) New textiles Literature

Beginning of Indian Civilization Key Topic The FRAME Routine Indian Civilization is about… Why people settled in India? Who were these people? How did they live? Main idea Main idea Main idea Main idea Beginning of Indian Civilization Aryan Migration Mauryan Empire Gupta Empire Essential details Essential details Essential details Essential details Migrated to India and dominated Greatest Ruler= Emperor Asoka Golden Age of Indian Culture Began in the Indus Valley Spread to the Ganges River Created the Caste System Unified the people of India Contributions include: math (concept of zero), medical advances (setting bones), astronomy (concept of a round earth), new textiles, and literature Spread without interruption b/c of location The Caste System told people who they could interact with and what occupations they could do Spread Buddhism Created: free hospitals, veterinary clinics, and roads Major cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro The two major cities of Indian Civilization include __________________ and __________________. The Aryans are best remembered in India for- The Mauryan Empire is was responsible for _______________ the people of India, under emperor ___________. Under the Gupta Empire, India reached a period of time known as the-

Asoka Video: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cf m?guidAssetId=752BA39F-CB19-48CB-B2ED- 8DF9909CA24D&blnFromSearch=1&productco de=US

Architecture Hindu Buddhist

Architecture Hindu Buddhist

Gupta: Art and Architecture Hindu Temples Buddhist Temples Reflect cosmic powers Squared shape inscribed in a circle to symbolize eternity Wooden carved gods and goddesses, as well as animals Stupas Large dome shaped Held the remains of holy people Ringed with enclosed walkways Elaborate wooden carved gateways Told the life of Buddha

Gupta: Art and Architecture Renowned for its wooden carvings Remembered for advancements in literature Fables and folk tales recorded in Sanskrit Eventually carried west to Persia, Egypt, and Greece

Fall of Gupta Empire Reached its height as the Roman Empire began to fall Eventually weak rulers, civil war, and foreign invaders caused a decline The White Huns eventually destroy the empire India split back into many kingdoms No new empire for 1,000 years