the process and the product of planning, designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures reflects functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations requires the creative manipulation and coordination of materials and technology, and of light and shadow

building first evolved out of the dynamics between needs (shelter, security, worship, etc.) and means (available building materials and skills) building became a craft as human cultures developed vernacular buildings - most of the built world that people experience every day

local materials used native method of construction used by local people varies from region to region Burdei, Romania Teito, Spain Florida cracker house Cliff dwelling, Arizona Stilt house, Laos Rondavel, South Africa Minka, Japan Yurt, Mongolia Slab-hut, New Zealand Hogan, North America

Ancient architecture: Egypt Mesopotamia Greek & Roman civilizations Middle ages: Notre Dame de Paris Renaissance: La Rotonda, Italy Early modern & the industrial age: Modernism: Paris Opera Architecture today:

features that make a building or other structure notable and historically identifiable include form, method of construction, building materials, and regional character change over time, reflect changing fashions, beliefs and religions, new ideas, technology, or materials often spread to other places

derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture decorative and constructive elements: column, arch, collonade, stoa (covered walkway) Parthenon, Greece Ephesus, Turkey Colosseum, Rome, Italy Roman aqueduct, Southern France Pantheon, Rome, Italy Roman architecture, Nimés, France