Antibiotics Antibiotic.

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Presentation transcript:

Antibiotics Antibiotic

Antibiotics - Introduction Selective toxicity - kills or stops growth of bacteria w/o damaging the host (human body) Bacteria - unicellular microorganisms - must rely on host for nourishment Most harmful Some needed effects Most bacteria destroyed by immune system

Antibiotics - Types Broad Spectrum - useful on a wide variety of bacteria Narrow Spectrum - useful on only a few varieties of bacteria

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 1. Inhibit cell wall synthesis & function decrease rigidity of cell wall - cause it to burst Examples (Penicillin) (Amoxicillin) (Cephalosporins, Cephalexin) Keflex Bacitracin **high occurrence of allergic reactions

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 2. Inhibits protein synthesis by attaching to ribosomes kills bacteria or slows growth Examples (Tetracycline) (Erythromycin) (Azithromycin) Z-pack, Zithromax

Antibiotics - Mechanism of Action 3. Inhibit bacterial DNA/RNA synthesis affects structure, function, & synthesis of DNA - can’t reproduce Examples (Ciproflaxin) Cipro (Sulfadiazine) Silvadene (Sulfa)

Resistance to Antibiotic Drugs Bacteria develop natural or acquired resistance to antibiotics - allows bacteria to survive What can be done????

Antiviral Virus – intracellular parasites, lack cell wall & cell membranes; don’t have metabolic processes Antiviral medicines treat Influenza A & B and RSV Examples: (Famiclor) Famvir (Zanamivir) Relenza (Oseltamivir phosphate) Tamiflu