Motion Change in position against some stationary background (frame of reference).

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Motion Graphs Distance Time.
Advertisements

Topic 2: Motion and Force Dynamics
How Science works: Graphs.
Understanding and interpreting
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
Measuring MOTION.
Distance Time Graphs Understanding and interpreting.
Objectives: 1.Be able to distinguish between distance and displacement 2.Explain the difference between speed and velocity 3.Be able to interpret motion.
Distance Time Graphs Time is always plotted on x axis
Motion Graphs Describing the motion of an object is occasionally hard to do with words. Sometimes graphs help make motion easier to picture and therefore.
Distance/Time Graphs A distance/time graph shows how far an object travels over a certain time. Always pay attention to the titles on the x axis and the.
Distance/Time Graphs A distance/time graph shows how far an object travels over a certain time. Always pay attention to the titles on the x axis and the.
LINEAR MOTION DISTANCE SPEED AND VELOCITY ACCELERATION.
Motion, Speed, and Velocity
M Joseph Dept. of Science Colyton High School
What is motion? Motion is the change in the position of an object. To describe the motion of an object we use terms like: Distance, displacement, speed,
Motion Graphs Distance vs. Time Graphs. Motion Graphs Show the motion of an object in a graph. Graphs can help make motion easier to picture and understand.
Wonderful Wednesday WARM-UP What is the formula for speed?
Graphing Motion Lesson 5. In our last lesson we learned about distance and time. We learned that distance and time were determined by speed and direction.
The Man’s Jeopardy Learning Objectives 1.Determine when an object is in motion. 2.Demonstrate how to graph motion (with graphs and examples). 3.Calculate.
Motion Ch. 1 Motion- a change in position Frame of Reference Frame of Reference (reference point)- Whenever you describe something that is moving you.
SPEED (VELOCITY)/ TIME GRAPHS
Interpreting Motion Graphs. Motion A change in position measured by distance and time.
Write the word motion vertically in your notebook and following each letter, write something that describes motion.
Distance Time Graphs 16 JUL 14. Starter: JAN 14 Time -Distance Graphs Write in and Calculate The graph shows the movement of a car over time.
Motion Graphs Your introductory or title slide should convey the overall “feeling” and focus of your presentation. For instance, I typically present about.
Graphing a Change in Motion. Motion Motion is when the distance from one object to another is changing Distance is the entire path an object travels.
Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab
Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension 2-1 Displacement and Velocity  Motion – takes place over time Object’s change in position is relative to a reference.
Graphing a bouncing ball Graphing a car in motion LET’S GRAPH MOTION.
Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab
Motion Graphs Review. Interpret The Graph Below:
Describing the motion of an object is occasionally hard to do with words. Sometimes graphs help make the motion easier to picture, and therefore understand.
Unit : 2D Motion Lesson: Distance Vs Displacement
+ Motion and Speed Graphs Mrs. Gergel and Ms. Khericha.
MOTION - A CHANGE IN POSITION MEASURED BY DISTANCE AND TIME. SPEED - THE RATE AT WHICH AN OBJECT MOVES. VELOCITY - SPEED AND DIRECTION OF A MOVING OBJECT.
Speed and Velocity. Describing the motion of an object is occasionally hard to do with words. Sometimes graphs help make motion easier to picture, and.
Graphing Activity Describing the motion of an object is occasionally hard to do with words. Sometimes graphs help make motion easier to picture, and therefore.
Motion-Study 1D Kinematics B E Mays –S Caesar
Graphing Velocity and Distance vs. Time graphs
Motion PH 338.
Motion Chapter 11.
Bell Ringer  Give me an example of a unit that measures distance.  What ALWAYS needs to go at the top of your graph?  What is the formula.
Unit 4 FORCES AND MOTION. Objective  Understand how speed, velocity, and acceleration relate to motion of an object.  Analyze distance-time graphs and.
Chapter 11: Motion.
MOTION Chapter 9.
Motion Graphs. Speed Which of the following graphs show constant speed?
ACCELERATION: C10,S2 1 ACCLELERATION DEFINITION the rate at which velocity changes (includes: speeding up, slowing down, or changing directions) 2.
Speed Chapter Speed Speed describes how fast an object moves.
NOTECARDS Turn each slide into a flashcard – title is the “blank side” and text box is the “lined side”
CH. 2 NOTES Abbreviated. Distance vs. Displacement Distance – how far an object travels (meters) Displacement – straight line path between two points.
Kinematics = the study of Motion Kinematics = the study of Motion.
How do you describe an object’s position? How do you describe an object’s motion? How do speed and velocity differ? What is acceleration? Describing Motion.
A measure of… How far something goes and… How long it takes to get there.
Motion Energy Flow in Technological Systems Unit C.
Starter Please Study Your Quiz will cover: Density, Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration,
Graphing Velocity and Distance vs. Time graphs
Today’s Title: CW: Vectors and Velocity
Speed, Velocity and Acceleration
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
Graphing Velocity and Distance vs. Time graphs
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
Speed, Velocity, & Distance vs. Time Graphs
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
Motion Graphs.
Distance-Time graph.
GRAPHING MOTION Distance vs. Time.
SPEED (VELOCITY)/ TIME GRAPHS
Presentation transcript:

Motion Change in position against some stationary background (frame of reference).

Speed Describes how fast an object moves Constant Speed – covers equal distance in equal amounts of time –distance/time graph can be used to determine speed – distance/time graph is a straight line

Speed Constant Speed (continued) – calculate slope to get speed Slope Formula m = y 2 – y 1 x 2 – x 1

Speed Constant Speed (continued) – the steeper the slope, the faster the speed of the object

Speed Constant Speed (continued) –objects at rest, graph a flat line (slope = 0)

Speed Average Speed – the distance covered by an object divided by the time it takes to travel it

Speed Speed Equation Speed = distance time v = d t d = vt t = d v

Velocity Speed of an object and the direction of its motion

Speed

Increasing the average speed increases the slope of the graph and the journey time is shortened.

Speed Reducing the average speed reduces the slope of the graph and lengthens the journey time.

Acceleration Any change in velocity divided by the time during which the change occurred. Metric Units for Acceleration m/sec/sec OR m/sec 2 Also: km/hr 2 ft/sec 2

Acceleration Acceleration = change in velocity over time a =  v OR a = v f - v i t t You can solve for t, v f, or v i : t = v f - v i a v f = at +v i v i =v f – (at) v f = final velocity & v i = initial velocity

Acceleration Acceleration = change in velocity over time a =  v OR a = v f - v i t t

Acceleration If there is an increase in velocity, acceleration is positive If there is a decrease in velocity, acceleration is negative (deceleration)

Acceleration Making a turn or going around a curve is acceleration, even if the speed stays the same, because the direction of velocity changes (acceleration is any change in velocity—speed OR direction)

Acceleration Distance – Time Graphs for Acceleration Distance (m) Time (sec) Speeding Up Distance (m) Time (sec) Slowing Down

Acceleration Velocity – Time Graphs for Acceleration Velocity (m/sec) Time (sec) Constant Acceleration (positive slope = speeding up) Velocity (m/sec) Time (sec) Constant Deceleration (negative slope = slowing down)

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review Describing the motion of an object is occasionally hard to do with words. Sometimes graphs help make motion easier to picture, and therefore understand. Remember: Motion is a change in position measured by distance and time. Speed tells us the rate at which an object moves. Velocity tells the speed and direction of a moving object. Acceleration tells us the rate of speed or direction changes.

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review DISTANCE–TIME GRAPHS Plotting distance against time can tell you a lot about motion. Let’s look at the axes. Time is always plotted on the X-axis (bottom of the graph). The further to the right of the axis, the longer the time from the start. Distance is plotted on the Y-axis (side of the graph). The higher up the graph, the further from the start. Time is increasing to the right, but its distance does not change. It is not moving. We say it is At Rest.

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review DISTANCE–TIME GRAPHS If an object is moving at a constant speed, it means it has the same increase in distance in a given time. Time is increasing to the right, and distance is increasing constantly with time. The object moves at a constant speed. Constant speed is shown by straight lines on a graph.

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review DISTANCE–TIME GRAPHS Let’s look at two moving objects. Both of the lines in the graph show that each object moved the same distance, but the steeper dashed line got there before the other one. A steeper line indicates a larger distance moved in a given time. In other words, higher speed. Both lines are straight, so both speeds are constant. The line on this graph is curving upwards. This shows an increase in speed, since the line is getting steeper: In other words, in a given time, the distance the object moves is changing (getting larger). It is accelerating. Graphs that show acceleration look different from those that show constant speed.

Summary The steeper the graph, the faster the motion A horizontal line means the object is not changing its position—it is not moving, but is at rest A downward sloping line means the object is return- ing to the start

Which of the graphs shows that one of the runners started 10 yards further ahead of the other? Explain your answer. Examine the graphs below.

In which of the graphs are both runners moving at the same speed? Explain your answer. Examine the graphs below.

Description: 1.The car is stopped. 2.The car is traveling at a constant speed. 3.The speed of the car is decreasing. 4.The car is coming back. The distance-time graphs below represent the motion of a car. Match the descriptions with the graphs. Explain your answers. Graph A matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph B matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph C matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph D matches description _____ because __________________________.

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review SPEED-TIME GRAPHS Speed-Time graphs are also called Velocity-Time graphs. Speed-Time graphs look much like Distance-Time graphs. Be sure to read the labels! Time is plotted on the X-axis. Speed or velocity is plotted on the Y-axis. A straight horizontal line on a speed- time graph means that speed is constant. It is not changing over time. A straight line does NOT mean that the object is not moving!

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review SPEED-TIME GRAPHS This graph shows increasing speed. The moving object is accelerating. This graph shows decreasing speed. This moving object is decelerating.

Motion Graphs – Summary and Review SPEED-TIME GRAPHS What about comparing two moving objects at the same time? Both the dashed and solid lines show increasing speed. Both lines reach the same top speed, but the solid on takes longer. The dashed line shows greater acceleration.

Summary A speed-time graph shows us how the speed of a moving object changes with time. The steeper the graph, the greater the acceleration. A horizontal line means the object is moving at a constant speed. A downward sloping line means the object is slowing down.

Description: 1.The car is stopped. 2.The car is traveling at a constant speed. 3.The car is accelerating. 4.The car is slowing down. The speed-time graphs below represent the motion of a car. Match the descriptions with the graphs. Explain your answers. Graph E matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph F matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph G matches description _____ because __________________________. Graph H matches description _____ because __________________________.

Questions The graph above shows three runners who ran a 100-meter race. 1.Which runner won the race? Explain your answer. 2.Which runner stopped for a rest? Explain your answer. 3.How long was the stop? Explain your answer. 4.How long did Bob take to complete the race? Explain your answer. 5.Calculate Albert’s average speed. (Figure the distance and time first!)

Choose the correct words from the following list to describe the motion during each segment of the journey to fill in the blanks: Accelerating Decelerating Constant speed At rest The graph below shows how the speed of a bus changes during part of a journey. Questions Segment O-A: The bus is _____. Its speed changes from 0 to 10 m/s in 5 seconds. Segment A-B: The bus is moving at a _____ of 10 m/s for 5 seconds. Segment B-C: The bus is _____. It is slowing down from 10 m/s to rest in 3 seconds. Segment C-D: The bus is _____. It has stopped. Segment D-E: The bus is _____. It is gradually increasing speed.