Man and nature

Living in the past and now? Life in the past was much simplier than at present Life in the past was much simplier than at present People didn´t exploit nature so much – they used only what they needed People didn´t exploit nature so much – they used only what they needed The life has changed a lot during the last centuries. The life has changed a lot during the last centuries. 19th and 20th centuries are centuries of amazing inventions and scientific discoveries 19th and 20th centuries are centuries of amazing inventions and scientific discoveries

Life in the past and now

New technologies have brought us lots of advantages, but there are also many disadvantages Pros: our life is easier, e.g. communication has become easier and faster, travelling is faster and more comfortable Pros: our life is easier, e.g. communication has become easier and faster, travelling is faster and more comfortable Cons: new technologies contribute to pollution – they damage and destroy our environment Cons: new technologies contribute to pollution – they damage and destroy our environment

Today our Earth is overcrowded with more than 6 billion inhabitants. Today our Earth is overcrowded with more than 6 billion inhabitants. Our life depends on three basic elements: water, soil and air. Our life depends on three basic elements: water, soil and air. Because we need air to breathe, water to drink and food to eat. Because we need air to breathe, water to drink and food to eat. But POLLUTION has become one of the most serious problems of our era. But POLLUTION has become one of the most serious problems of our era. It is caused by human activities which have a harmful impact on the environment. It is caused by human activities which have a harmful impact on the environment.

Water pollution: Streams, rivers, seas and oceans are polluted by trash, waste and chemicals which are discharged into the water. Water pollution: Streams, rivers, seas and oceans are polluted by trash, waste and chemicals which are discharged into the water. Soil pollution: The waste also pollute the ground or soil. Also pesticides and fertilizers which we use to grow more food can be harmful. Soil pollution: The waste also pollute the ground or soil. Also pesticides and fertilizers which we use to grow more food can be harmful. Air pollution: The air is polluted mainly by car fumes and chemicals which are used in factories and are discharged/released into the air. Air pollution: The air is polluted mainly by car fumes and chemicals which are used in factories and are discharged/released into the air.

Ecological problems

There are lots of other environmental problems - issues (besides pollution)which are a result of humans activities: Global warming: is one of the major issues that we face today. It is caused by harmful gases known as greenhouse gases. It has caused a change in the climate of the earth - tempeatures are rising. Global warming: is one of the major issues that we face today. It is caused by harmful gases known as greenhouse gases. It has caused a change in the climate of the earth - tempeatures are rising. Deforestation: is a permanent destruction of forests, mainly rainforests which are necessary for producing oxygen, rainforests –“ the Earth lungs“ Deforestation: is a permanent destruction of forests, mainly rainforests which are necessary for producing oxygen, rainforests –“ the Earth lungs“

Disappearing animals species – many animals are in danger of extinction, many of them have disappered – become extinct Disappearing animals species – many animals are in danger of extinction, many of them have disappered – become extinct Natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, windstorms, droughts, tornados, hurricans etc. They are results of a climate change. Icecaps are melting, so the sea levels are rising. Natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, windstorms, droughts, tornados, hurricans etc. They are results of a climate change. Icecaps are melting, so the sea levels are rising. Ecological catastrophes: oil tanker accidents, nuclear power plant accidents (Japan) Ecological catastrophes: oil tanker accidents, nuclear power plant accidents (Japan) A hole in the ozone layer – the ozone layer protects us against a dangerous radiation from the sun, is caused by freons, if there is a hole it can cause skin cancer to people A hole in the ozone layer – the ozone layer protects us against a dangerous radiation from the sun, is caused by freons, if there is a hole it can cause skin cancer to people

Natural disasters

Scientists predict if we don´t take more action at once, the life on the Earth can disappear in the future. What should we do to protect the nature? Don´t be indifferent towards the environment join ecological activities in your town, school, e.g. cleaning the nature join ecological activities in your town, school, e.g. cleaning the nature separate and recycle the trash, use special dustbins (bio, paper, glass, plastic, metals; also in your school) separate and recycle the trash, use special dustbins (bio, paper, glass, plastic, metals; also in your school) don’t waste water - use showers instead of baths, save water when you clean your teeth, shave etc.) don’t waste water - use showers instead of baths, save water when you clean your teeth, shave etc.) don’t waste electricity - switch off lights, TV set, radio, PC etc.) – use alternative sources of energy – wind, solar and hydroenergy don’t waste electricity - switch off lights, TV set, radio, PC etc.) – use alternative sources of energy – wind, solar and hydroenergy recycle used batteries, fridges, electronics (TV, radios) recycle used batteries, fridges, electronics (TV, radios) reduce the amount of rubbish by separating, recycling and reusing reduce the amount of rubbish by separating, recycling and reusing reuse some things, e.g. plastic bottles, paper boxes, etc. reuse some things, e.g. plastic bottles, paper boxes, etc. use bikes or public transport, underground instead of driving cars use bikes or public transport, underground instead of driving cars use unleaded petrol, use cars with catalysator use unleaded petrol, use cars with catalysator avoid using washing powders and detargents with dangerous chemicals avoid using washing powders and detargents with dangerous chemicals don’t throw the trash in the nature don’t throw the trash in the nature

What to do to save the Earth?

Vocabulary Contribute – prispieť Discharge chemicals- vypúšťať chemikálie Ecological balance- ekologická rovnováha Endangered – v ohrození Endangered species- ohrozené druhy Environment- životné prostredie Exhausts – výfukové plyny Extinct- vyhynúť Harmful- škodlivý Drain – vysušiť Global warming – globálne otepľovanie Light fires – zapaľovať ohne, burning-pálenie Litter, trash, rubbish– smeti Pollute – znečisťovať Protect – ochraňovať Prohibit – zakázať Respect – rešpektovať Waste – odpad Water supplies – zásoby vody Aerosol cans – aerosol. plechovice CFCs/chloroflourocarbons/freóny Ozona hole-ozónová diera Ozone friendly – neškodný pre ozón Ozone layer-ozónová vrstva Greenhouse effect-skleníkový efekt Ultraviolet radiation – ultrafialové žiarenie Carbon dioxide – oxid uhličitý Rainforest – dažďový prales Tropical rains – tropické dažde Release – vypúšťať, uvoľniť

Acid rain – kyslý dážď Dissolve – rozpúšťať sa Melt – rozpúšťať sa(o snehu) Pesticides –chemikálie na hubenie hmyzu Fertilizers – umelé hnojivá Industrial waste-priemyselný odpad Poison/poisonous-jed/jedovatý Lead- olovo Unleaded petrol-bezolovnatý benzín Landfill –uskladňovať do zeme Contaminate – zamoriť Radioactive substances/waste – rádioaktívne látky/odpad Escape – únik Reuse – znovu použiť Reduce –redukovať Recycle – recyklovať/znovu spracovať použitý materiál Supply – zásoba Alternative energy-alternatívna en. Aluminium can – hliníkový obal/plechovka Bottle banks-kontajnery na fľaše Rubbish – smeti Solar – slnečný Hydroelectric power – vodná energia Wind power/energy – veterná energia Affected – ovplyvnený Cope (with sth)-čeliť niečomu Prevail- prevažovať Detergent – čistiaci prostriedok Dispose – zbaviť sa niečoho Effort – úsilie, snaha Raise – chovať Sewage – splašky solution – riešenie Threat – hrozba Leak – presakovať, pretekať Ban – zákaz Intention – zámer,particle-častica