League of Innovations 2012 Ironda J. Campbell Assistant Professor Communication Pierpont Community & Technical College

Excuse me, Sir! Do you know that you have a banana in your ear? Huh? I’m sorry, what do you mean? I don’t understand what you mean. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell2

Become a Better Listener: Information and Techniques 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell3

LEARN: The difference between listening and hearing Different styles of listening Different types of listening To understand and identify listening barriers Techniques to develop better listening habits 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell4

WHAT IS HEARING? Hearing is the biological process of receiving sound. If the ear is damaged or ill formed in such a way that sound cannot be received, hearing is prohibited. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell5

WHAT IS LISTENING? 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell6

TASTE TOUCH SIGHT HEARING SMELL Listening is a multi-sensory cognitive process. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell7

Central sulcus Motor Control Touch and Pressure Speech Taste Smell Hearing Vision Face recognition Reading Language 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell8

Any of the senses can select a message, and respond to it. A visually impaired person can use his sense of smell and touch to smell smoke and feel the heat from fire. Those senses can help him person find a better path to safety. Multi-sensory process of Listening: Good! The fire is behind me. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell9

Listening involves: Selecting a message Paying attention (focusing on) to the message Understanding (comprehending) the message Responding to the message – choose to do something or choose to do nothing. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell10

STYLES OF LISTENING Passive Listening Active Listening 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell11

Passive Listening Passive Listeners are physically present for the message, but they are detached from the message and the communication process at hand. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell12

Passive Listeners: Do not give sustained eye contact to the speaker or the source of the message 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell13

Do not take notes on the key points of the message Passive Listeners: 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell14

Do not seek to gain clarity or an understanding of the message I don’t have time to listen to this. I have to go. Passive Listeners: 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell15

May engage in other activities or thoughts while the message is being given Passive Listeners: 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell16

Active Listening Active Listeners are engaged and connected to the message. The active listener’s approach to listening is interactive. An active listener participates in the retrieval of the message. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell17

Active Listeners: Give their full attention to the source of the message Give sustained eye contact to the speaker or the source of the message Take notes on the key points of the message Seek to gain clarity and understanding of the message Postpone other activities while the message is being presented 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell18

TYPES OF LISTENING Types of Listening include: Empathic listening Critical listening Therapeutic listening Recreational listening 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell19

EMPATHIC LISTENING 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell20

The purpose of Empathic listening is listening to give emotional support. When listening empathically, no judgment is cast, even if the person is ‘wrong’. The empathic listener is functions as a shoulder to lean on. When listening, empathically, it is not the time to ask the person: What were you thinking? The individual probably feels bad enough already. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell21

THERAPEUTIC LISTENING Therapeutic listening is engaged in by a trained professional To result in remediation for the client or patient. Some therapeutic listeners include, but are not limited to: Feng Shui experts, Life Coaches, Therapists, Doctors, and Counselors 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell22

CRITICAL LISTENING 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell23

Critical Listening: Listening to gain information that will assist in decision making. Critical listeners ask pertinent questions to retrieve information, that result in a judgment call. A critical listener might ask: What were you thinking? 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell24

RECREATIONAL LISTENING Listening for pleasure: Fun and Entertainment 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell25

LISTENING BARRIERS 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell26

Any occurrence that prohibits reception or comprehension of the message. Listening barriers can take place within the listener [Internal barriers]. Listening barriers can take place in the environment [External barrier]where the message is being sent and received. WHAT ARE LISTENING BARRIERS? 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell27

INTERNAL BARRIERS An Internal barrier is any distraction to listener that takes place within the ‘listener’. The internal barrier can be psychological, physical, or ethereal. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell28

EMOTIONS FATIGUE PAIN DAY DREAMING HUNGER Types of Internal Listening Barriers BIAS I I wonder if it’s raining outside. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell29

EXTERNAL BARRIERS An external listening barrier is any distraction to the message that occursin the environment where the message is being sent or received. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell30

Types of External Listening Barriers Listening to tunes. A band playing. Talking to friends. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell31

Crowds 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell32

Techniques for Better Listening 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell33

1.Select a message. Just one. There are many messages around you…all the time. Pick the one you want. 2.Give that message your full attention. Focus on the message that you’ve selected. Disconnect from other activities Disconnect from communication that is not a part of the ‘selected’ message. 3. Try to comprehend/understand the message. Ask questions. Paraphrase the message. Reframe the message in words that you understand. 4.Respond to the message. The response may be internal –cognitive. The response may be external. 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell34

LISTENING EXERCISE Select a Volunteer for Haptic Listening exercise 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell35

Reference Page Geeting, B., & Geeting, C. (1976). How To Listen Assertively. New York, NY: Monarch. Watson, K.W., & Barker, L.L. (1995). Managing By Listening Around: 21 Keys to Smarter Listening. New Orleans, LA: SPECTRA, Inc. Brownwell, J. (1996). Listening: Attitudes, Principles, and Skills. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Drakeford, J.W. (1982). The Awesome Power of the Listening Heart. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House. Nichols, M.P. (1995). The Lost Art of Listening. New York, NY: The Guilford Press. Barbara, D. A. (1971). How to Make People Listen to You. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher. Burley-Allen, M. (1995). Listening: The Forgotten Skill. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1&sk=#x0y0 3/2/2012I.J. Campbell36