Chapter 13 - Review Evolution: Evidence of Change Charles Page High School Dr. Stephen L. Cotton

Chapter 13 - Review What does potassium-40 ultimately decay into argon-40. Fossil trees are petrified when the wood is replaced with rock. Later stages of embryos of related organisms begin to show marked differences because of mutations.

Chapter 13 - Review Scientists estimate that the number of species alive today is about 0.1%. A series of fossils shows the development of the horse over a period of Epoch.

Chapter 13 - Review What evidence suggests that the deserts of the American southwest were once covered by seas? Shark Teeth What is the longest period of time in the geologic time scale? Precambrian Carbon-14 will change into nitrogen-14.

Chapter 13 - Review Where is the best place to search for fossils? Sedimentary Rock Darwin called the combination of physical traits and behaviors that help organisms survive and reproduce fitness. In a rock column, the fossils in the upper layers must be youngest.

Chapter 13 - Review Uranium-238 will decay into lead-206. All the fossils that have been collected around the world make up the fossil record. The early stages of embryonic development remain unchanged because the mutations that develop in these stages are homologous structures.

Chapter 13 - Review The energy-storing compound found in all living things is ATP. The long, slow process of change in species over time is called evolution. Which is least closely related? Radioactive element; stable element; radioactive decay

Chapter 13 - Review According to Darwin, any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s fitness for survival is a(n) adaptation. Scientists who specialize in the study of rocks and changes in the earth are called paleontologist.

Chapter 13 - Review Scientists would be very surprised if they found a complete fossil. Scientists do not expect to find large animal fossils in amber. Radioactive dating is an example of absolute dating.

Chapter 13 - Review How did Darwin explain the similarity of structure among living organisms? Common ancestor The wings of a bird and the front legs of a dog are called homologous structures. A scientist has the best chance of finding fossil impressions of the soft parts of organisms in rock.

Chapter 13 - Review In humans, muscles that move the ears are vestigial organs. Can evolutionary changes involve the modification of primitive limbs into tails? no The presence of 4 tiny leg bones in pythons is evidence that snakes evolved from four legged ancestor.

Chapter 13 - Review According to Darwin, the long neck and legs of the giraffe would be called adaptations. Which of the following did not influence Darwin? The work of Lyell; the nature of DNA; his collection of specimens; his trip on the H.M.S. Beagle

Chapter 13 - Review As sediment piles up under water, pressure compresses the sediment into rock According to Darwin, fitness arises through the process of adaptations Scientists believe that of all species ever alive, 99.9% are now extinct

Chapter 13 - Review Darwin argued that if you look far enough back in time, you will see that all species have a common descent. To determine the age of the oldest rocks, geologists use what radioactive material? Uranium-238 & Potassium-40. What would it mean if marine fossils were found in a mountain? There was once an ocean present there.

Chapter 13 - Review Giant fossils ferns in Canada is interpreted to mean Canada was once a forest. The sea floor can be pushed up into mountains by forces upon the Earth Is the DNA of eukaryotic organisms totally unique in structure? NO

Chapter 13 - Review In the past, how did people explain major geologic features of the Earth? religion