Who am I?

Similarities in Early Development If populations accumulate change over time organisms… Then organisms should develop similarily if they share a common ancestor. If populations accumulate change over time organisms… Then organisms should develop similarily if they share a common ancestor.

Who am I?

Evolution objectives Students should be able to… 1. Describe what the Theory of Evolution states. 2. Name the person who developed this theory and describe how he developed it. 3. Define the following and give an example of each. Species Population Natural selection (Honors: types of selection) 4. Describe how fossils and strata provide evidence for the theory of evolution. 5. Determine the age of rocks and fossils using radioactive dating. 6.Describe an example of homologous structures and vestigial structures. Explain how they provide evidence of evolution. 7.Explain how developmental and molecular provide evidence of evol. 8.Determine allele frequencies. 9.Describe what the Hardy-Weinberg (H-W) principle /law/ theory states and be sure to list the 5 H-W conditions. 10.Interpret and develop a cladogram.

Are they similar to us????? v=a7XuXi3mqYM

Molecular Evidence IF CHANGE accumulates in a POPULATION over TIME… IF CHANGE accumulates in a POPULATION over TIME… THEN organisms with close common ancestors should share more molecules, such as DNA.

Human (H) and Chimp (C) DNA

LocusHuman-ChimpHuman-GorillaHuman-Orangutan Alu elements2-- Non-coding (Chr. Y)1.68 ± ± ± 0.35 Pseudogenes (autosomal) 1.64 ± ± Pseudogenes (Chr. X) 1.47 ± Noncoding (autosomal) 1.24 ± ± ± 0.11 Genes (K s ) Introns0.93 ± ± Xq ± ± ± 0.18 Subtotal for X chromosome 1.16 ± ± Genes (K a ) Percentage sequence divergence between humans and other hominids [4 ] hominids [4 ]

Assignment: Must do both for the exceeds level. Meets Meets  Complete cytochrome C comparison handout. Exceeds  Find the name of the developmental genes that all vertebrates share.  Describe at least one of these developmental genes. Be sure to include its purpose in development.

HONORS Assignment: Must do both for the exceeds level. Meets Meets  Find the name of the developmental genes that all vertebrates share.  Complete cytochrome c and embryo comparison handout. Exceeds  Describe at least one of these developmental genes. Be sure to include its purpose in development.  How many differences are in this gene between humans and another vertebrate class.

Homologous Developmental Genes Hox Genes Hox Genes Genes that control the production of proteins involved in development but doesn’t produce these proteins directly.

Homologous Developmental Genes Hox Genes Hox Genes

Summary of Darwin’s Theory Individuals in nature differ from one another Individuals in nature differ from one another Organisms in nature produce more offspring than can survive, and many of those who do not survive do not reproduce. Organisms in nature produce more offspring than can survive, and many of those who do not survive do not reproduce.

Summary of Darwin’s Theory Because more organisms are produce than can survive, each species must struggle for resources Because more organisms are produce than can survive, each species must struggle for resources Each organism is unique, each has advantages and disadvantages in the struggle for existence Each organism is unique, each has advantages and disadvantages in the struggle for existence

Summary (cont.) Individuals best suited for the environment survive and reproduce most successful Individuals best suited for the environment survive and reproduce most successful Populations within species change over time Populations within species change over time

Summary (cont.) Species alive today descended with modification from populations that lived in the past Species alive today descended with modification from populations that lived in the past All organisms on earth are united into a single family tree of life by common descent All organisms on earth are united into a single family tree of life by common descent