Experiment 1.Obtain a tube of water and a straw. 2.Exhale deeply through the straw into the water. 3.Make observations. 4.Why might your observations be different than the people near you?
pH Indicator Bromothymol Blue acidic basic
pH scale pH = -log [H+] a [H+]= [H+]=
Example pH = -log [H+] What would be the pH of 0.01M solution of HCl (like your stomach acid)? pH = -log [H+] pH = - -2 pH = 2
Buffers
Cellular Respiration (Glucose )C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O
Inside the cell
Figure 3.2 Secretion being released from cell by exocytosis Peroxisome Ribosomes Rough endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Nuclear envelope Chromatin Golgi apparatus Nucleolus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Cytosol Lysosome Mitochondrion Centrioles Centrosome matrix Microtubule Microvilli Microfilament Intermediate filaments Plasma membrane
Location for Cellular Respiration
What happens to CO 2 in blood? CO 2 + H 2 O HCO H + What happens to CO 2 in water? CO 2 + H 2 O HCO H + Carbonic Anhydrase
Gas Exchange
CO 2
CO 2 + H 2 O HCO H + Low pH CO 2 + H 2 O HCO H + High pH in body
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
COPD High blood CO 2, low blood O 2 but normal breathing rate. Blood O 2 a little low so breath in O 2 by O 2 tank. This can increase blood O 2 but it slows down breathing rate. This leads to increase blood CO 2, and decrease in pH (acidic). BALANCE of blood O 2 and blood CO 2 / pH