 Extensive properties- dependent on the amount of substance there. (mass, volume)  Intensive properties- depends on the type of matter and is independent of how much is there. (density, ability to burn)  Physical properties- things are observed or measured (color, density, brittle or hard, melting point, boiling point, freezing point)  Chemical properties- its ability to undergo chemical reactions (ability to burn, corrosiveness, decompose, rust, explode)

 Pure substances can not be separated by physical means such as heat or tearing  Two types of pure substances  Element  Compound

 They can not be broken down by chemical means into any simpler substances.  All elements are found on the periodic table (116 of them)  Given a chemical symbol on the periodic table.  1 st letter is always CAPITALIZED  2 nd letter is always lower case (if there is one)

 Composed of two or more elements chemically combined.  Can be broken down in elemental forms by chemical means.  Examples: H 2 O, CO 2, H 2 SO 4 H 2 O + electricity → H 2 + O 2

 Better known as Mixtures  Mixtures are a combination of elements and or compounds that can be separated by physical means.  Example: Salt water can be separated into salt and water by evaporating the water.  Two types of mixtures  Homogeneous  Heterogeneous

 You can not visibly distinguish the difference between the parts of the mixture  Homogenized milk  Orange juice without pulp  Salt water  Air  Ink  Steel  Another name is solution

 You can visibly see the parts of the mixture  Rough Concrete  Chocolate chip cookies

 Filtration- separates pieces of a mixture by the size of the particles  Example: coffee filters  Distillation- separates parts of a mixture by their boiling points  Example: Alcohol from water

 When the substance itself remains the same  Examples:  Phase Changes. When H 2 O goes from a liquid to a solid in the freezing process, it still remains H 2 O.  Tearing  Cutting  Bending

 When the chemical makeup and hence the symbols change during a chemical reaction.  Heating of sugar and turn C 6 H 12 O 6 into Carbon and H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + heat → C + H 2 O Left side of ARROW are reactants Right side of ARROW are products Arrow means produces or yields + sign means “and” or “reacts with”