CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change

Outline of Presentation 1. ASEAN Brief Background 2. Agriculture in ASEAN 3. ASEAN and Food Security Policies and Action 4. ASEAN and Climate Change 5. CSO Analysis /Reflection, Advocacy and Action Points

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change ASEAN Background Information History: Established in August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand; Brunei and CLMV joined later Objective: regional cooperation to achieve economic growth, social progress, cultural development and regional peace and stability; and to promote greater collaboration on maters of common interest Structures and Processes ASEAN Summit ASEAN Coordinating Council ASEAN Community Councils – based on three ASEAN pillars : ASEAN Political Security Community Council ASEAN Economic Community Council ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community

Agriculture in ASEAN

Share of Agriculture to GDP of ASEAN Countries is minimal.

Agriculture continues to be a major source of employment in many ASEAN countries

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change Challenges faced by small men and women farmers and agricultural producers Limited public and private investment in agriculture Impacts of trade and investment liberalization AFTA CEPT, ASEAN China FTA, ASEAN India FTA, Asean Korea FTA, ASEAN Australia and New Zealand FTA Climate change

ASEAN and Food Security

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change ASEAN’s long term policy objectives on agriculture and food security Mandate and Policy Guidance from the Ministerial Understanding on ASEAN Cooperation in Food, Agriculture and Forestry, Strengthening food security in the region 2.Promotion and facilitation of intra-ASEAN trade 3. Generation and transfer of technology to increase productivity 4. Agricultural rural community and human resource development 5. Private sector involvement and investment 6. Management and conservation of natural resources for sustainable development 7. Strengthening ASEAN cooperation and joint approaches in addressing international and regional issues

The ASEAN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK ON FOOD SECURITY (AIFS)

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change How are these translated into concrete plans of action for agriculture? Series of Strategic Plan of Action on ASEAN Cooperation in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (1994 – 2004, ) Shift of focus from cooperation in food production and supply to facilitating intra and extra ASEAN trade in agriculture, fishery and forestry products Buzzwords – international competitiveness, food security, updated information on commodity supply demand and trade

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change ASEAN policy declaration reflect general calls of food security, sustainable agricultural development, climate change mitigation and adaptation, among others But ASEAN programs and activities do not... The only binding aspect of ASEAN policies are those that relate to the FTAs SPAs formed through top down process (and by technocrats) and, as such, are not reflective of the agenda of small men and women farmers and agricultural producers Some reflections / analysis

CSO Advocacy and Action Points

ASEAN and Climate Change

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change ASEAN Members account for a small portion of global GHG Emission Southeast Asia most vulnerable to climate change because of the region’s location and geo-physical characteristics Region highly unprepared to cope with climate change Food security threatened by climate change ASEAN and Climate Change

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change Declaration on Climate Change in 2007 Calls for closer cooperation on mitigation and adaptation Focus of individual national communication is mitigation more than adaptation Terms of Reference of the Climate Change Initiative, created an ASEAN Working Group on Climate Change Vietnam pushing for ASEAN association to the Copenhagen Accord; opposed by other countries ASEAN’s work on Climate Change

ASEAN Position vs. Copenhagen Accord ASEAN PositionCopenhagen Accord A legally binding agreementVoluntary, political agreement only Limit the average global temperature rise to below 2C above the pre-industrial level Unclear means to achieve target of limiting temperature rise to 2C Ghg emission reduction based on individual targets (bottom-up), not on aggregate target Richer nations to provide developing countries with scaled-up, new, additional, adequate and predictable financing to combat the effects of climate change No financial commitments from rich countries, only financial pledges Financial mechanism will not be accountable to the COP of the UNFCCC Developed countries to take the lead based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities Based on “burden sharing” among countries, according to capacity

CSO Engagement with ASEAN

CSO Engagement in ASEAN

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change Food sovereignty: the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, and their right to define their own food and agriculture systems Support for community-based conservation and development of seeds Support for sustainable community-based food production, marketing and distribution, also as a strategy for climate change adaptation and mitigation Promotion of appropriate farming systems Civil Society Advocacies

CSO analysis and recommendations on ASEAN policies and programs on Food Security and Climate Change Sustained pressure for a legally-binding agreement on climate change mitigation, adaptation and delivery of commitments by developed countries under the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities Pursue multilateral engagement in the UNFCCC process, not under the Copenhagen Accord which does not conform with the ASEAN positions Participation of farmers, food producers/providers and consumers in decision-making in food and agriculture at different levels Civil Society Advocacies

CSO Advocacy and Action Points