1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment ---- usually medication.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Pharmaceutical Agent Order. Prescription An oral or written record of a physicians order to pharmacist to dispense medication to patient.
Advertisements

RATIONAL Prescribing & Prescription Writing Dr Arif Hashmi.
Principles of Prescription Writing
Principles of prescription.  The proper prescription consists of the superscription, the inscription, the subscription and the signa  Other necessary.
Instructions say P.O. q 4 h prn pain.
1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment - usually medication -
Prescription writing Dr.Saeed Ahmed  A prescription: A physician's order to prepare / to dispense a specific Tr -usually medication- for an individual.
Error Prone Abbreviations
Mosby items and derived items © 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Chapter 4 Prescription Writing.
Catherine A. Marco, MD, FACEP. Goals & Objectives Describe the proper physician-patient relationship Describe clinical decision making regarding medication.
Pharmacology Chapter 15.
Principles of Pharmacology
Recommended by the Sentinel Event Alert Advisory Group NATIONAL PATIENT SAFETY GOALS FY 2009.
VETERINARY DRUG USE AND PRESCRIBING CH. 5. –All drugs have 3 names Chemical name Generic (nonproprietary) name Trade (proprietary) name.
Copyright © 2015 Cengage Learning® Chapter 5 Abbreviations and Systems of Measurement.
DRUGS AND MEDICINE Lesson 1. How Medicines Help You A drug is a substance that changes the way the body and mind works. Examples?
Principles of prescription writing
Copyright C 2005, 2002, 1999, 1995, 1990, 1985, 1980, 1976 by Elsevier Inc. Principles of Pharmacology Chapter 30.
Rational Prescribing & Prescription Writing Collected and Prepared By S.Bohlooli, Pharm.D, PhD.
Prescription Writing Lab Lecture.
Understanding Drug Labels
Introduction to Pharmacology. Nurse Practice Act Defines scope Role of the LPN.
Assembly Bill #2609 Health and Safety Code Effective January 1,2008 MEDICATION TRAINING FOR DIRECT CARE STAFF.
Introduction to Pharmacology. Nurse Practice Act Defines scope Role of the LPN.
OR “READ THE FINE PRINT PLEASE!”
Pharmacology Basics TERESA PECK BSN, RN Drug Nomenclature Chemical-Scientific Name Generic name  NOT CAPITALIZED Official Name Brand or Trade name.
Administering Medication
Writing Orders and Prescriptions
Rational Prescribing & Prescription Writing Once a patient with a clinical problem has been evaluated and a diagnosis has been reached, the practitioner.
PRESCRIPTION WRITING Rx. WHEN DO DRUGS BECOME A PART OF YOUR TREATMENT????
Medication Review.
Chapter 6 Dispensing Medications in the Community Pharmacy.
How to Read a Prescription
Prescriptions.
Medical Careers Eden Area ROP
Copyright © 2008 Thomson Delmar Learning Interpreting Drug Orders Chapter 7.
Pharmacology Basics Presentation Name Course Name
The Pharmaceutical Agent Order. Prescription An oral or written record of a physician ’ s order to pharmacist to dispense medication to patient. who can.
1 Second semester Chapter 32 Oral Medications Bader A. EL Safadi BSN, MSc Fundamental of Nursing – B Oral Medications.
Copyright © 2015 Cengage Learning® Chapter 7 Safe Medication Administration.
Joseph R. Sabino, MS, RPh
Principles of Prescription Order Writing. Prescription The prescription Written (V erbal or electronic ) direction from a registered medical practitioner.
Prescription and referral making
Ch.5: Reading and Interpreting Medical Labels and Orders and Documents Appropriately By Dr. Kevin Perrino.
Understanding Drug Labels
Pharmacology Basics Presentation Name Course Name
Principles of Prescription Writing
Principles of Prescription Writing
Ch 19: Introduction to Pharmacy Math
Rational prescribing & prescription writing
Drugs and Prescription Records
18 Dosage Calculations.
UNIT 9 The Medication Order.
Drugs and Prescription Records
Safe Medication Administration
Interpreting Drug Orders
Preventing Medication Errors
Prescription Writing.
Importance of drug antagonism
DRUG PRESCRIBING.
Health care careers Therapeutic services pharmacy.
Medication order entry & Fill process
Packaging After compounding packaging of prescription should be done.
Lesson 1: Labels and Prescriptions
Prescription or medication orders.
How to Read a Prescription
Ch 18: Pharmacy.
Interpreting Drug Orders
Rx PRESCRIPTION WRITING Submitted by: Donna Lee Ettel, Ph.D.
Interpreting Drug Orders
Presentation transcript:

1 Prescription (Medical Prescription) Prescription writing is the prescriber’s order to prepare or dispense a specific treatment ---- usually medication ---- for a specific patient A written direction for the preparation & administration of a remedy

2 Steps Prescription writing Make a Specific diagnosis Consider the Pathophysiological implications of the diagnosis diagnosis Select a specific therapeutic objective Select a drug of choice Determine the appropriate dosing regimen Devise a plan for monitoring the drug’s action & determine an end point for therapy Plan a program of patient education

3 Who can prescribe? Prescription writing PhysiciansDentistsPodiatristsVeterinariansOsteopaths Pharmacists (specialized Pharmacists) Nurse practitioners Physician’s Assistants Optiometrists

4 Elements Outpatient Prescription Prescriber’s office information Prescriber’s office information Name License classification (Professional degree) Adress Office telephone numbers

5 Elements Outpatient Prescription Patients information Name Age especially extremes of age, children & old aged Weight --- especially children Body surface area Sex Superscription Date e.g. 240 mg every 8 hours (40 mg per kg per day) (wt. =18) (40 mg per kg per day) (wt. =18)

6 Elements Outpatient Prescription Medication prescribed Inscription Names & quantities (amounts) or strength of drug, or or Name & strength of each ingredient Trademarked or manufacturer’s proprietary / brand name brand name Nonproprietary or Generic name Symbol Superscription Symbol Superscription A contraction of Latin verb recipe, meaning take thou or you take take thou or you take

7 Elements Outpatient Prescription Dispensing directions to Pharmacist --Subscription Directions for compounding Dosage forms & number of dosage units supplied e.g. make a solution mix & place into 30 capsules mix & place into 30 capsules dispense 30 tablets dispense 30 tablets Purpose of medication e.g. For control of blood pressure

8 Elements Outpatient Prescription Directions for patient --- Signatura ---- Signa / Sig, S Mark thou, Label Tabs ii q4h (Take two tablets every 4 hours) Instruction for the patient as to how to take the prescription, interpreted & transposed onto the prescription label by the pharmacist

9 Elements Outpatient Prescription How & when to take medication Duration of therapy Purpose of medication Must be explained by both the physician & pharmacist

10 Elements Outpatient Prescription Directions for patient --- Signatura ---- Signa / Sig, S - Language - Use of abbreviations or symbol ---- is discouraged - Instruction “Take as directed” ---- should be avoided should be avoided

11 Elements Outpatient Prescription Directions for patient --- Signatura ---- Signa / Sig, S - e.g. For relief of pain To relieve itching To relieve itching - Route of administration - for oral dosage forms --- “take” or “give” - for oral dosage forms --- “take” or “give” - for externally applied products --- “Apply” - for externally applied products --- “Apply” - for suppositories ---- “Insert” - for suppositories ---- “Insert” - for eye, ear, nose drops for eye, ear, nose drops ---- “Place” is preferable to “instill” “Place” is preferable to “instill”

12 Elements Outpatient Prescription Dose always should be listed by metric measurements of weight & volume. of weight & volume. Older system of measure e.g. grains for weight & Household measurements e.g. “dropperful” & “teaspoon” “teaspoon” Should be avoided

13 Elements Outpatient Prescription Arabic (decimal) numerals are preferable to Roman numerals, & in some instances it is preferable for the numbers to be spelled out (e.g. Zero)

14 Elements Outpatient Prescription Refill information Waiver of the requirement for childproof containers Additional labeling instructions (e.g., warnings such as (e.g., warnings such as “may cause drowsiness,” “may cause drowsiness,” “do not drink alcohol” “do not drink alcohol”

15 Elements Outpatient Prescription Pharmacist --- must place the expiration for the drug on the label

16 Elements Outpatient Prescription Presciber’s signature Prescriber’s any other identification data

17 Outpatient Prescription Prescriber’s name license classification Prescriber’s name license classification (Professional degree) (Professional degree) Adress Adress Office telephone numbers Office telephone numbers Prescriber’s office information information Patients information Patient’s nameDate Address REFILL TIMES OR UNTIL NO CHILD PROOF CONTAINER Drug name and strength Quantity SIG: WARNINGPRESCIBER’S SIGNATURE Presciber’s other identification data Date Date Inscription & Subscription Superscription Signatura Superscription

18 Prescription writing Abbreviation Meaning tabtablet capcapsule POby mouth PRper rectum SLsublingual IMintramuscular IVintravenous SC, SQsubcutaneous Abbreviation Meaning OTCover-the-counter pcafter meals acbefore meals prnwhen needed qevery q6hevery 6 hours qhs every night at bed time statat once

19 Prescription writing Abbreviation Meaning bidtwice a day tidthree times a day qidfour times a day hsat bed time sosif needed

20 Elements Inpatient Prescription --- Physician order sheet (POS) / chart order DateTime Name & strength of medication, dose, route & frequency of administration frequency of administration Signature of prescriber

21 Prescribing errors Omission of information Poor presciption writing Illegible hand writing Drugs with similar names Acetazolamide ---- Acetohexamide Acetazolamide ---- Acetohexamide Methotrexate --- Metolazone Methotrexate --- Metolazone

22 Prescribing errors Error Misread (Danger) Correct /1Abandoned 10U10010 units IU10 or 14 µgmgmcg Poor presciption writing Other errors Use leading zeros Never use trailing zeros

23 Prescribing errors Error Misread (Danger)Correct OD (everyday)OD (right eye) QD (every day) QID (four times a day) qod (every-other- day) od (everyday / right eye) qhs (once daily at bed time) qhr (every hour) Poor presciption writing Other errors

24 Prescribing errors Poor prescription writing Other errors Acronyms --- ASA, 6MP Abbreviating drug name Inappropriate Drug Prescription Drug interactions Contraindications Adverse effects

25 Compliance (adherence) Extent to which patients follow treatment instructions Noncompliance --- failure to adhere to drug regimen

26 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule I Examples: heroin Examples: heroin 1. Potential for abuse ---- High 2. No accepted medical use or lacks accepted safety lacks accepted safety May be used for research purposes by properly registered individuals.

27 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule II Examples: morphine Examples: morphine 1. Potential for abuse ---- High. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use 3. Abuse may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. physical dependence.

28 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule III Examples: anabolic steroids Examples: anabolic steroids 1. Abuse potential less than substances in schedule I or schedule II. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use. 3. Abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. high psychological dependence.

29 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule IV Examples: Alprazolam Examples: Alprazolam 1. Abuse potential less than substances in schedule III. schedule III. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use 3. Abuse may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence limited physical or psychological dependence relative to substances in schedule III. relative to substances in schedule III.

30 Controlled Substance Schedules Schedule V Examples: buprenorphine Examples: buprenorphine 1. Low potential for abuse relative to schedule IV. 2. Has a currently accepted medical use 3. Some schedule V products may be sold in limited amounts without a prescription at the discretion amounts without a prescription at the discretion of the pharmacist; however, if a physician wishes of the pharmacist; however, if a physician wishes a patient to receive one of these products, it is a patient to receive one of these products, it is preferable to provide a prescription preferable to provide a prescription 4. Limited dependence possible

31 Controlled Substance - All prescriptions must be written in ink; this practice is compulsory for schedule II drugs is compulsory for schedule II drugs - Date - Prescriber’s name & address - Patient’s name, age, & address - Diagnosis - No abbreviations - All doses, number of ampules, tablets, etc. should be written in words (letters) & in figures (numbers) written in words (letters) & in figures (numbers) - Prescriber’s signature - Prescription is dispensed once, & is kept by pharmacist

32 -Refill - Refill prn (refill as needed) --- is not appropriate - Refill prn (refill as needed) --- is not appropriate - If no refill is desired, “Zero” (not 0) --- should be - If no refill is desired, “Zero” (not 0) --- should be written in the refill space written in the refill space - For schedule II drug ---- no refill - For schedule II drug ---- no refill - For schedule III &IV drug For schedule III &IV drug ---- not to exceed 5 refills or not to exceed 5 refills or 6 months after the issue date, 6 months after the issue date, whichever comes first whichever comes first - For schedule V drug ---- no restriction