Chapter 15 Personal Care and Consumer Choices Lesson 3 Using Medicines Wisely Next >> Click for: >> Main Menu >> Chapter 15 Assessment Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.

 medicines Drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases and other conditions Medicines that can be sold only with a written order from a physician or nurse practitioner  prescription medicines Medicines that are safe enough to be taken without a written order from a physician  over-the-counter (OTC) medicines

 vaccine A medicine that prevents a disease from developing Medicines that reduce or kill harmful bacteria in the body  antibiotics Any effect of a medicine other than the one intended  side effect

In this lesson, you will learn to  identify types of medicines.  explain ways medicines are taken into the body.  describe factors that determine how medicines affect the body.

Classifying Make a chart of the kinds of medicines mentioned in the lesson.

Medicines The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), sets standards for the safety and effectiveness of medicines. medicines Drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases and other conditions

Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines The FDA requires standard information to appear on the labels of prescription medicines. prescription medicines Medicines that can be sold only with a written order from a physician or nurse practitioner

Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines Prescription label information includes instructions on how much medication to take, how often to take it, and how long to continue taking the medicine.

Prescription and Nonprescription Medicines Nonprescription medicines are also called over-the-counter (OTC) medicines. over-the-counter (OTC) medicines Medicines that are safe enough to be taken without a written order from a physician Even OTC medicines can be harmful if used incorrectly.

Types of Medicines Medicines to prevent diseases Medicines to fight infection Medicines to relieve pain

Medicines to Prevent Diseases vaccine A medication that prevents a disease from developing Vaccines are made from dead or weakened germs that cause the immune system to produce antibodies.

Medicines to Fight Infection antibiotics Medicines that reduce or kill harmful bacteria in the body Antibiotics are used to treat infection. Each type of antibiotic fights specific strains of bacteria.

Medicines to Relieve Pain Pain relievers block or lessen pain signals sent through the nervous system.

How Medicines Enter the Body Ingestion Pill, tablet, capsule, or liquid is swallowed. Medicine moves through the stomach and small intestine. Medicine enters the bloodstream and circulates throughout the body.

How Medicines Enter the Body Injection Medicine is injected through the skin. Medicine immediately enters the bloodstream.

How Medicines Enter the Body Inhalation Medicine is inhaled as a mist or fine powder. Medicine enters the lungs and the bloodstream.

How Medicines Enter the Body Creams and ointments are applied topically to the skin. Skin patches that release medicine over time are a fairly new delivery method.

Medicine in the Body Factors that determine how a medicine affects the body include: The type of medicine The amount of medicine taken An individual’s chemical make-up An individual’s age, gender, and body size

Medicine in the Body Typical side effects to medicines include headache, upset stomach, and drowsiness. side effect Any effect of a medicine other than the one intended Any unexpected or unwanted reaction to a medicine should be reported to your doctor or pharmacist.

Risks of Medicines When tolerance to a medicine builds up, the medicine may lose its effectiveness.

Risks of Medicines Bacteria can build up resistance to an antibiotic if the antibiotic is overused. Bacteria can also build up resistance to an antibiotic if the medication is not taken as prescribed.

Risks of Medicines Taking two or more medicines at once can have dangerous effects. Always let your doctor and pharmacist know what other medicines you are taking before starting a new medicine.

What I Learned Vocabulary What type of medicine prevents a disease from developing? Lesson 3 Review

What I Learned List Name two ways medicines are taken into the body. Lesson 3 Review

What I Learned Describe What factors determine a medicine’s effect on the body? Lesson 3 Review

Thinking Critically Analyze A friend of yours on the football team wants an energy burst before a game. He wants to take a handful of vitamins. When you express concern, he says, “They’re over-the-counter vitamins.” Respond to this comment. Lesson 3 Review

Thinking Critically Hypothesize Laura’s doctor has prescribed a medicine to treat a case of poison ivy. She also regularly takes medicine because she has trouble concentrating. Should Laura tell her doctor what medicine she is already taking? Why or why not? Lesson 3 Review

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