England’s Southern Colonies Chapter 2 sections 3 and 4

5 good minutes! Imagine you are all stranded on an island. What would your first priority be? What would eventually happen within the group? How would you all get along?

Why did England want an American Colony? England had a growing population Increase in poverty Thought about shipping poor people across the Atlantic to America (to work) Needed gold and silver

Jamestown, Virginia Colonists founded a new settlement and named it Jamestown after their king (James I) First successful English settlement Colonists suffered from Malaria, hunger and other diseases About 20% of the people survived

Save us!!! Tobacco saves the colonists (this is ironic) People were allowed to have their own land As a result they worked the land harder and produced more crops Sent the tobacco to Europe

The House of Burgesses In 1619 the House of Burgesses became the first representative body in Colonial America  Male landowners over 17 voted for two burgesses to represent their settlement  Power to make laws and raise taxes

This engraving shows the March 22, 1622 massacre when Powhatan Indians attacked Jamestown and outlying Virginia settlements

The New England Colonies Chapter 2 section 4

Puritans and the Church of England Disagreed with the English church Called Puritans b/c they wanted to purify the Church of England (Anglican) Believed that the English church kept too many ceremonies from the Catholic church Separatists-started their own church

Puritan Beliefs and values (DNWTD) Followed the teachings of John Calvin Lead a moral life Prayer Reading the Bible Heeding the minister’s sermons God alone determined who will be saved Honor God by working hard at your occupation

Puritans v. Anglicans (DNWTD) Puritans Challenged the English Church 1620’s King Charles started to persecute Puritans Some came to America

Puritans arrive in Massachusetts 1620, the 1st Puritan emigrants known as Pilgrims arrive in Massachusetts (Mayflower) called the Plymouth colony Before they left the ship, they came up with the MAYFLOWER COMPACT (settlers agreed to form a government and obey its laws)

John Winthrop 1630 Winthrop led a large group of Puritans to America Established the Massachusetts Bay Colony Established a republic

John Winthrop We shall be as a city on a hill.. Well-off attorney and manor lord in England. Became 1 st governor of Massachusetts.  Believed that he had a “calling” from God to lead there.  Served as governor or deputy-governor for 19 years.

Characteristics of New England Settlements (DNWTD) Low mortality  average life expectancy was 70 years of age. Many extended families. Average 6 children per family. Average age at marriage:  Women – 22 years old  Men – 27 years old.

New England Colonies, 1650

Religious Toleration? No other religious groups were allowed to settle in the New England colonies except puritans No Catholics, Baptists, or Quakers were welcome in the New England States except to Rhode Island Puritans feared that God would punish people who tolerate other religions

Cont… 1630’s Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson argued that the Puritans had not done enough to break from Anglican ways Also argued that they had not right to take land from Indians, they should buy it. Hutchinson was banished Williams fled and founded Providence in Rhode Island

Salem Witch Trials Whenever cattle and children sickened and died, the New Englanders suspected evil magic 1692, the authorities tried, convicted and executed 19 suspected witches

In 1692, 14 women and 6 men were accused of being witches, were tried, convicted, and executed. Executions took place on June 10, July 19, August 19, September 19 and September 22, To this day, the events of 1692 are used as a yardstick to measure the depth of civility and due process in our society.