Quality Model for Requirements Eng. Copyright, 2002 © Jerzy R. Nawrocki Quality Management Auxiliary Material Quality Management Auxiliary Material

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Plan of the lecture Overview of RE guidelines Scoring Maturity levels for RE Basic guidelines Intermediate guidelines Advanced guidelines

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Overview of RE guidelines The requirements document Requirements elicitation Reqs analysis & negotiation Describing requirements System modelling Requirements validation Requirements management RE for critical systems BasicIntermAdv

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. ScoringScoring 3 - standardised: documented standard followed and checked as part of the quality management process; 2 - normal use: widely followed but not mandatory; 1 - discretionary use: used at discretion of project manager; 0 - never: never or very rarely used; 3 0

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Maturity levels for RE Defined > 85 Basic & > 40 Interm & Adv Defined > 85 Basic & > 40 Interm & Adv Repeatable > 55 Basic & < 40 Interm & Adv Repeatable > 55 Basic & < 40 Interm & Adv Initial < 55 Basic Initial < 55 Basic

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Legend for RE quidelines Responsibility of Project Managers Responsibility of SDS Senior Managers or Quality AssurersResponsibility of SDS Senior Managers or Quality Assurers At a discretion of Project Managers

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Requirements document Define a standard document structure Explain how to use the document Include a summary of the requirements Make a business case for the system Define specialised terms Lay out the document for readability Help readers find information Make the document easy to change 

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Requirements elicitation Assess system feasibility Be sensitive to organisational & political considerations Identify and consult stakeholders Record requirement sources Define operating environment Use business concerns to drive requirements elicitation Give me a crocodile!

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Analysis and negotiation Define system boundaries Use checklists for requirements analysis Provide software to support negotiations Plan for conflicts and conflict resolution Prioritise requirements

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Describing requirements Define standard templates for describing requirements Use language simply & concisely Use diagrams appropriately Supplement natural language with other descriptions of requirements

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines System modelling Develop complementary system models Model the system’s environment Model the system architecture

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Requirements validation Check that the requirements document meets your standard Organise formal requirements inspections Use multidisciplinary teams to review requirements Define validation checklists 

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines Requirements management Uniquely identify each requirement Define policies for requirements management Define traceability policies Maintain a traceability manual

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Basic guidelines RE for critical systems Create safety requirements checklists Involve external reviewers in the validation process

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines Requirements elicitation Look for domain constraints Record requirements rationale Collect requirements from multiple viewpoints Prototype poorly understood requirements Use scenarios Define operational processes Give me a crocodile!

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines Analysis and negotiation Classify requirements using using a multidimensional approach Use interaction matrices to find conflicts and overlaps

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines Describing requirements Specify requirements quantitatively

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines System modelling Use structured methods for system modelling Use a data dictionary Document the links between stakeholder requirements and system models

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines Requirements validation Use prototyping to animate requirements Write a draft user manual Propose requirements test cases 

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines Requirements management Use a database to manage requirements Define change management policies Identify global system requirements

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Intermediate guidelines RE for critical systems Identify and analyse hazards Derive safety requirements from hazard analysis Cross-check operational and functional requirements against safety requirements

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Advanced guidelines Requirements elicitation Reuse requirements Give me a crocodile!

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Advanced guidelines Analysis and negotiation Assess requirements risks

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Advanced guidelines Requirements validation Paraphrase system models 

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Advanced guidelines Requirements management Identify volatile requirements Record rejected requirements

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Advanced guidelines RE for critical systems Specify systems using formal specification Collect incident experience Learn from incident experience Establish an organisational safety culture

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Further readings I. Sommerville, P. Sawyer, Requirements Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 

J. Nawrocki, Quality Model for Req. Quality assessment 1. What is your general impression? (1 - 6) 2. Was it too slow or too fast? 3. What important did you learn during the lecture? 4. What to improve and how?