CARDIOVASCULAR EMERGENCIES

Conduction Pathway SA node – AV Junction – AV node – Bundle of His – Purkinje Fibers 60 – 100 bpm 40 – 60 bpm 15 to 40 bpm

What is a cardiovascular emergency?......

Cardiac Compromise Blanket term Sometimes called Acute Coronary Syndrome or ACS Refers to a cardiac event of rapid onset ACS {ischemia}

Cardiac Compromise can be caused by disorders that affect the condition and function of the heart: CAD Aneurism Electrical malfunctions Mechanical malfunctins Angina

CHF Thrombus Embolism AMI

CAD Coronary Arteries Narrowing or blockage Blood flow reduced, impeding O2 to the heart Under stress or exertion, Hear rate s increasing oxygen demand

The culprits: Arteriosclerosis Stiffening or hardening of the arterial wall from Ca++ deposits Elasticity is lost changing blood flow and ng B/P

Atherosclerosis Build up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries Narrowing of the diameter of the vessel

Aneurism Angina Pectoris Literally means a pain in the chest CAD

CHF Congestive Heart Failure Inadequate pumping of the heart Left sided heart failure May be brought on by Diseased heart valves HTN COPD

Resulting in Edema backup of fluids Cardiogenic Shock

Signs and symptoms of CHF Tachycardia Dyspnea Normal or d B/P Cyanosis Diaphoresis Cool / clammy / skin Rales

Anxiety Confusion Pedal edema JVD {late sign} ABD distension

Treatment Modalities O2 POC