 Direct quotes  Summaries  Paraphrases  Videos  Movies  Music  Art (clip art, photos)  News articles  Graphs  Charts  Cartoons     

Always write down your sources for:  Books  Pictures  Photos  Articles  Web pages  Recipes  Videos  Songs  Movies  Graphs  Surveys  charts   What should you write down?  Title of book  Title of article  Author’s name(s)  Date published/written  Type of sources – i.e. movie, video, website, map, photo  Published  url  Date url last updated  City of publication  Page numbers

 What are you citing  Paraphrases  Summaries  Direct quotes  Photos, artwork, cartoons, movies  Not citing = plagiarism

 Author’s name(s)  Date of publication  Page #(s) for direct quote  Website name if no author

 Type in brackets directly following quote, summary or paraphrase.  End of sentence punctuation follows the last bracket

 The cruelty of the South is described in the song, “Southern Man” (Young, 1970).  Neil Young describes the cruelty of the South in “Southern Man”(1970).

 The line, “with the best laid plan” (Young, 1970, l 3), suggests that the South’s plan for segregation was not going to work.  In the line, “with the best laid plan” (1970, l3), Neil Young suggests that the South’s plan for segregation was not going to work.

 (Nash & Young, 1974) – more than 1  (Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, 1974) – 3 to 5  (Young et al, 1974) – 6 or more

 "Southern man" suggests that young white men from the South should look within themselves and see all the terrible things they have done. (Lyric interpretations, 2009)  Use the article/web page title or if lengthy, a part of this title  Notice only the first word is capitalized

 (Young, n.d.)  (Lyric interpretations, n.d.)

 (Author, date) – summary, paraphrase  (Author, date, p#) – direct quote if page numbers available  (Author, date, para.#) or (Author, Date, Section heading) – direct quote if no page numbers - Use paragraph # or section name)

 (Web Page/article name, date) – summary, paraphrase  (Page/article name, date, p#) – direct quote if page numbers available  (Web Page/article name, date, para.#) or (Web Page/article name,, Date, Section heading) – direct quote if no page numbers - Use paragraph # or section name)

 If an entire web site is being cited, you do not need to include the web site in your reference list.  Instead, include the website in your text (

 Use the same in-text format as you would for text  (Artist/Illustrator/Photographer’s Name, date) (Sheehan, n.d.)

 Another student mentioned “she was tired of all the negative topics” (C. Davidson, personal communication, March 9, 2011).

 (Producer & Director, year)  Example: Mississippi Burning - (Zollo & Parker, 1988)

 SFU Citation Guide SFU Citation Guide  Seneca Libraries APA Seneca Libraries APA  APA Style APA Style  Norton site Norton site