Thomas R. Bane P.E. 605 Suwannee Street Mail-station 32 Tallahassee Florida (850) Roadside - Benefit – Cost assessment See credit below: Thomas Bane

Reduction in Accident Costs Increase in Construction & Maintenance Costs R (b/c) = Benefit / Cost Ratio

Roadside Guide Design Technical Advisory RS 5.0 Non-Restricted Roadways Roadside Guide Design NCHRP RSAP

ROADSIDE 5.0 Technical Advisory Societal Costs/Severity Level

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GLOBAL PARAMETER VALUES 1. FATAL ACCIDENT COST = $ 1,000, SEVERE INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 200, MODERATE INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 12, SLIGHT INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 3, PDO LEVEL 2 ACCIDENT COST = $ 3, PDO LEVEL 1 ACCIDENT COST = $ ENCROACHMENT RATE = ENCROACHMENTS/km/YR/VPD km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 13.0 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.8 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.0 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 11.6 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 11.1 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 10.7 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 10.3 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE 16. SWATH WIDTH = m 17. RESET ALL GLOBALS TO DEFAULT STARTUP VALUES. DO YOU WISH TO CHANGE A PARAMETER VALUE (Y/N)? Technical Advisory Y

GLOBAL PARAMETER VALUES 1. FATAL ACCIDENT COST = $ 2,600, SEVERE INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 505, MODERATE INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 165, SLIGHT INJURY ACCIDENT COST = $ 36, PDO LEVEL 2 ACCIDENT COST = $ 10, PDO LEVEL 1 ACCIDENT COST = $ 2, ENCROACHMENT RATE = ENCROACHMENTS/km/YR/VPD km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 13.0 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.8 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 12.0 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 11.6 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 11.1 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 10.7 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE km/h DES SPEED ENC ANGLE = 10.3 DEG AND TRAF VOL CAP = VPD/LANE 16. SWATH WIDTH = m 17. RESET ALL GLOBALS TO DEFAULT STARTUP VALUES. DO YOU WISH TO CHANGE A PARAMETER VALUE (Y/N)? N

CURRENT SEVERITY INDEX versus COST RELATIONSHIP SEVERITY INDEX COST 0.0 $ $ 2, $ 10, $ 26, $ 82, $ 170, $ 342, $ 639, $ 981, $ 1,469, $ 2,052, $ 2,600,000 PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE

Societal Costs $981, SI=7.0

% Accidents Property Damage Only Fatalities Non-Fatal Injuries

1. TITLE: 2. TRAFFIC VOLUME = 38,900 VPD - TRAFFIC GROWTH RATE = % PER YEAR 3. DIVIDED HIGHWAY TOTAL LANE(S) = 6 LANE WIDTH = m 4. CURVATURE (RADIUS IN METERS) = %999,999 GRADE (PERCENT) = EFFECTIVE BASELINE CURVATURE GRADE USER TOTAL TRAFFIC VPD ENC/km/YR FACTOR FACTOR FACTOR ENC/km/YR ADJACENT 19, OPPOSING 19, DESIGN SPEED = 70 km/h ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG ADT CAP = 23,700 VPD/LANE 7. OFFSET (A) = m LENGTH (L) = m WIDTH (W) = m 8. INITIAL COLLISION FREQUENCY = IMPACTS/YEAR ADJACENT CFTA = CFSU = CFCU = CFFA = OPPOSING CFTO = CFSD = CFCD = CFFO = SEVERITY INDEX = SU= 4.40 SD= 2.00 CU= 4.40 CD= 1.00 FACE= 2.20 ACCIDENT COST $ 238,935 $ 26,940 $ 238,935 $ 10,250 $ 38, PROJECT LIFE = 13 YR DISCOUNT RATE = %/YR TRAFFIC CUTOFF YR = 200 CRF = KC = KT = KJ = INSTALLATION COST = $ 35,000 SALVAGE VALUE = $ 0 2. REPAIR COST/ACC $ SU= 2000 SD= 1000 CU= 2000 CD= 1000 F= MAINTENANCE COST/YR = $ PRESENT WORTH = $ 88,590 ANNUALIZED $ 10,600 ACCIDENT COST = $ 52,310 ANNUALIZED $ 6,259 HIGHWAY DEPT. COST = $ 36,280 ANNUALIZED $ 4,341 O CHANGE OR ACCESS: INPUT ITEM NUM. OR FUNCTION KEY (SEE BELOW) PLUS ENTER. PRINTSTORERECALLHELPGLOBALSI v $DIRSI DEFGRAPHQUIT

Actual Horizontal Offset

Effective Offset Frnd = 1+  slope Efficiency Factors: Es = 1+ slope/0.4 D slope-brake = m (  slope) Slope => Vaulting =>

1. TITLE: 2. TRAFFIC VOLUME = 38,900 VPD - TRAFFIC GROWTH RATE = % PER YEAR 3. DIVIDED HIGHWAY TOTAL LANE(S) = 6 LANE WIDTH = m 4. CURVATURE (RADIUS IN METERS) = %999,999 GRADE (PERCENT) = EFFECTIVE BASELINE CURVATURE GRADE USER TOTAL TRAFFIC VPD ENC/km/YR FACTOR FACTOR FACTOR ENC/km/YR ADJACENT 19, OPPOSING 19, DESIGN SPEED = 70 km/h ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG ADT CAP = 23,700 VPD/LANE 7. OFFSET (A) = m LENGTH (L) = m WIDTH (W) = m 8. INITIAL COLLISION FREQUENCY = IMPACTS/YEAR ADJACENT CFTA = CFSU = CFCU = CFFA = OPPOSING CFTO = CFSD = CFCD = CFFO = SEVERITY INDEX = SU= 4.40 SD= 2.00 CU= 4.40 CD= 1.00 FACE= 2.20 ACCIDENT COST $ 238,935 $ 26,940 $ 238,935 $ 10,250 $ 38, PROJECT LIFE = 13 YR DISCOUNT RATE = %/YR TRAFFIC CUTOFF YR = 200 CRF = KC = KT = KJ = INSTALLATION COST = $ 35,000 SALVAGE VALUE = $ 0 2. REPAIR COST/ACC $ SU= 2000 SD= 1000 CU= 2000 CD= 1000 F= MAINTENANCE COST/YR = $ PRESENT WORTH = $ 88,590 ANNUALIZED $ 10,600 ACCIDENT COST = $ 52,310 ANNUALIZED $ 6,259 HIGHWAY DEPT. COST = $ 36,280 ANNUALIZED $ 4,341 O CHANGE OR ACCESS: INPUT ITEM NUM. OR FUNCTION KEY (SEE BELOW) PLUS ENTER. PRINTSTORERECALLHELPGLOBALSI v $DIRSI DEFGRAPHQUIT

1. TITLE: 2. TRAFFIC VOLUME = 38,900 VPD - TRAFFIC GROWTH RATE = % PER YEAR 3. DIVIDED HIGHWAY TOTAL LANE(S) = 6 LANE WIDTH = m 4. CURVATURE (RADIUS IN METERS) = %999,999 GRADE (PERCENT) = EFFECTIVE BASELINE CURVATURE GRADE USER TOTAL TRAFFIC VPD ENC/km/YR FACTOR FACTOR FACTOR ENC/km/YR ADJACENT 19, OPPOSING 19, DESIGN SPEED = 70 km/h ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG ADT CAP = 23,700 VPD/LANE 7. OFFSET (A) = m LENGTH (L) = m WIDTH (W) = m 8. INITIAL COLLISION FREQUENCY = IMPACTS/YEAR ADJACENT CFTA = CFSU = CFCU = CFFA = OPPOSING CFTO = CFSD = CFCD = CFFO = SEVERITY INDEX = SU= 4.40 SD= 2.00 CU= 4.40 CD= 1.00 FACE= 2.20 ACCIDENT COST $ 238,935 $ 26,940 $ 238,935 $ 10,250 $ 38, PROJECT LIFE = 13 YR DISCOUNT RATE = %/YR TRAFFIC CUTOFF YR = 200 CRF = KC = KT = KJ = INSTALLATION COST = $ 35,000 SALVAGE VALUE = $ 0 2. REPAIR COST/ACC $ SU= 2000 SD= 1000 CU= 2000 CD= 1000 F= MAINTENANCE COST/YR = $ PRESENT WORTH = $ 88,590 ANNUALIZED $ 10,600 ACCIDENT COST = $ 52,310 ANNUALIZED $ 6,259 HIGHWAY DEPT. COST = $ 36,280 ANNUALIZED $ 4,341 O CHANGE OR ACCESS: INPUT ITEM NUM. OR FUNCTION KEY (SEE BELOW) PLUS ENTER. PRINTSTORERECALLHELPGLOBALSI v $DIRSI DEFGRAPHQUIT

1. TITLE: 2. TRAFFIC VOLUME = 38,900 VPD - TRAFFIC GROWTH RATE = % PER YEAR 3. DIVIDED HIGHWAY TOTAL LANE(S) = 6 LANE WIDTH = m 4. CURVATURE (RADIUS IN METERS) = %999,999 GRADE (PERCENT) = EFFECTIVE BASELINE CURVATURE GRADE USER TOTAL TRAFFIC VPD ENC/km/YR FACTOR FACTOR FACTOR ENC/km/YR ADJACENT 19, OPPOSING 19, DESIGN SPEED = 70 km/h ENC ANGLE = 12.4 DEG ADT CAP = 23,700 VPD/LANE 7. OFFSET (A) = m LENGTH (L) = m WIDTH (W) = m 8. INITIAL COLLISION FREQUENCY = IMPACTS/YEAR ADJACENT CFTA = CFSU = CFCU = CFFA = OPPOSING CFTO = CFSD = CFCD = CFFO = SEVERITY INDEX = SU= 4.40 SD= 2.00 CU= 4.40 CD= 1.00 FACE= 2.20 ACCIDENT COST $ 238,935 $ 26,940 $ 238,935 $ 10,250 $ 38, PROJECT LIFE = 13 YR DISCOUNT RATE = %/YR TRAFFIC CUTOFF YR = 200 CRF = KC = KT = KJ = INSTALLATION COST = $ 35,000 SALVAGE VALUE = $ 0 2. REPAIR COST/ACC $ SU= 2000 SD= 1000 CU= 2000 CD= 1000 F= MAINTENANCE COST/YR = $ PRESENT WORTH = $ 88,590 ANNUALIZED $ 10,600 ACCIDENT COST = $ 52,310 ANNUALIZED $ 6,259 HIGHWAY DEPT. COST = $ 36,280 ANNUALIZED $ 4,341 O CHANGE OR ACCESS: INPUT ITEM NUM. OR FUNCTION KEY (SEE BELOW) PLUS ENTER. PRINTSTORERECALLHELPGLOBALSI v $DIRSI DEFGRAPHQUIT

ROADSIDE 5.0 Condition 1 Acc. Costs 1 Acc. Costs 2 Reduction in Accident Costs Condition 2 Reduction in Accident Costs