“There is no such thing as an unmanned system” David Bellino Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) Newport RI April 2005

Placing Sailors at the heart and the start of every new system, certifying that Sailor performance fully informs system design at the earliest stages of acquisition Fundamental objective of HSI is to influence system design and engineering Focus on safety, performance, and interactions of humans with the equipment that they operate and maintain. Ensures that the resulting system will have the highest and safest performance at the lowest total ownership cost (TOC) Focus on people/KSA as an essential element of systems design Sponsor NAVSEA03: Systems engineering discipline dedicated to providing Navy systems with the best total system performance at the lowest total ownership cost (TOC).

HSI Approach to Total Systems Engineering Requirements Generation CONOPS ICD CDD CPD Design Synthesis Maintenance Disposal Spiral Development Modernization Total System Test Evaluation Certification Requirements Analysis Top Down Functional Analysis (Hardware/Software/People) Optimal Manning Analysis/Modeling Human Performance Metrics Generation Skill Objects Standards Development Implementation SEAWarrior System Development Common Standards, Procedures, and Tools

Human Factors Engineering ManpowerPersonnelTraining Habitability Survivability Environment, Safety and Occupational Health Human Performance Human Interfaces Human Error Avoidance Top Down Analysis Design for Usability Design for Maintainability Workload Wartime Requirements (Quality/Quantity) Peacetime Requirements (Quality/Quantity) Officer, Enlisted and Civilian Force Structure Operating Strength Personnel Classification Selection Recruiting Retention Career Progression Skill Mix Special Skills Occupational Standards Distribution Manning Concepts Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes Initial Skill Skill Progression Functional Individual and Team Training Concepts Initial & Follow-on Delivery Systems Organic Training Embedded Training Distance Learning Virtual Environment Intelligent Tutoring Quality of Life Quality of Work Environmental Limits and Controls Personnel Services Anti-Fratricide Personnel Protection Damage Control Performance Effects of Ensembles Accident Avoidance Safety Hazard Avoidance Health Hazard Avoidance Risk Mitigation Medical 7 Pillars of Human Systems Integration

Concept Refinement Technology Development System Development And Demonstration Production and Deployment Operations and Support Pre-Systems AcquisitionSystems AcquisitionSustainment ABC IOCFOC DoD 5000 and HSI Product Sets Mission Decomposition Functional Decompositions Top Down Functional Analyses Alternative Manning Strategies User-Centered Concepts of Operation Training Concepts of Operation Display and Control Guidelines Display and Control Reference Model HSI Performance Metrics HSI Requirements Requirements Reviews HSI Plan Review/Acceptance Quantitative Requirements Performance Metrics HSI Documentation HSI Design Review/Certification Usability Test Plans/Testing Test Plan Reviews HSI Software Development HSI Software Validation HSI Software Verification Testing Training System/Documentation Review Maintainability Validation EC Concept Paper CPCR Review ECP Review Concept Refinement Evolution Task Analyses Functional Allocation Manning Analyses Workload Analyses Team and Individual Reqts Personnel Skill Reqts Training Reqts Analysis Training System Reqmts Requirements Elicitation Fleet Feedback Analysis MPT Effectiveness HSI Test Bed Display Prototyping User Interface Hardware Controls Human Performance Modeling Experimental Design Technology Demonstrations

Navy Program Manager’s HSI Guide Conducting top down requirements analysis (TDRA) early in system design Identifying deficiencies and lessons learned in baseline comparison systems Applying simulation and prototyping early in system development Defining the roles of humans in system operations and maintenance early in system design Applying human-centered design (HCD) throughout the development Applying human-centered test and evaluation Enhance human performance, specifically situational awareness and decision making

HSI Domain Experts Acquisition Support Technical Input Experimentation Facilities TDRA HP-Metrics Studies M&S Game-based learning Training Web Technologies The CARUSO Program Structure and Relationships Unmanned Systems Domain Experts Systems Engineering CONOPS Modeling & Simulation Lessons Learned CARUSO Programs Acquisition Liaison

CARUSO Objectives Provide guidance and support unmanned systems programs Focus on exploration of tomorrow's technology to enhance human performance. Influence systems engineering and equipment design to achieve effective user- system interaction. Explore human media technologies, human machine interactions / interfaces. Develop metrics, human performance, cost benefits, studies, evaluation etc. Conduct psychological and behavioral Human Factors Studies. Assess impact on training and standardization. Develop, demonstrate, and make available tools and methods to support HSI. Document and publish research results.

Community of Interest CARUSO Program Management Technology Transition & Gov’t Acquisition Program Liaison Products & Studies HSI acquisition roadmap UUV MP TDRA Technology Baseline Human Performance Workflow Modeling Processes Metrics Experiment Technology Focus Areas: Modeling, Simulation & Visualization Net-Ready KPP/Web Technologies Common interface & displays UV C2/Mission Planning UV Data Analysis Tools & Methods Post-mission Analysis Training/Game-based Learning Applied Research Core Acquisition Programs HSPAC Navy Human Performance Capability Metrics/Standards/Baseline Data Repository Lab connectivity Tools SME Knowledge Repository The Approach

CARUSO ’05 Tasks/Deliverables UUV Domain –TDRA for NAVY UUV Master Plan, reduced scope –Feed UUV program HSI product sets –Begin to build HSI strategy and product set repository for future UUV programs –Net-ready Mission Planning/Tasking prototype for AUVFest –HSI Modeling & Simulation framework for UUV operations USV Domain –Develop demonstration of multi-user USV operational simulation to be used for COOPEX, man-in-the loop experimentation, skills assessment and manning analysis R&D –Context-adaptive Interface Design for potential applications in concert with the Common Presentation Layer (CPL) –CAD re-usability for downstream training web applications and distance support –3D data visualization techniques for maritime applications

End-to-end Human Systems Integration Warfighting Capability for Unmanned Systems Focus support for UUV and USV programs CONOPS MISSIONTACSIT Operational Workflow Process Model Emphasizing Commonality in Unmanned Systems Development Information Data Knowledge Interface Smart Interface ObjectsHuman Process Requirements Joint Operations Common Presentation Layer

2005 CARUSO TEAM Government, Industry & Academia Team

Contacts David Bellino Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) Newport RI Steve Swenson Ocean State Technology Corporation (OSTC) Newport RI