BR- 1. Describe the person you imagine when you hear the word “caveman.” 2. What do you think the terms “pre-historic” or “pre-history” mean? Today: The Beginnings of History – The “Story” of History Begins.

Daily Notes – Chapter 1 “PreHistoric Times” History : The “documented” record of what happened. We only “know” what happened in the past if it was written down (and whatever was written happens to survive throughout the years) Pre-History: What was happening before people could write it down (in some way) History : The “documented” record of what happened. We only “know” what happened in the past if it was written down (and whatever was written happens to survive throughout the years) Pre-History: What was happening before people could write it down (in some way)

Human Development – How’d We Get Here? - “Humans” have been on earth for a long time - 1st “modern” humans (homo sapiens) “smart man” appear between 400,000 B.C ,000 B.C. - 1st civilizations begin around 12,000 10,000 BC – “History” Begins - “Humans” have been on earth for a long time - 1st “modern” humans (homo sapiens) “smart man” appear between 400,000 B.C ,000 B.C. - 1st civilizations begin around 12,000 10,000 BC – “History” Begins What were people doing all those years? What was life like? How was it different?

From around 400,000 B.C. to 12,000 B.C. People practiced what was called hunter-gatherer societies. Some people might call them cave men..

“Pick Your Tribe” Most prehistoric people lived in small groups. These people worked together for their individual and group benefit. (1 is the loneliest number..) Gather together in tribes of 4-5 Decide on a name for your tribe and your tribe’s “symbol” (prehistoric tribes couldn’t write yet) Decide on a leader Most prehistoric people lived in small groups. These people worked together for their individual and group benefit. (1 is the loneliest number..) Gather together in tribes of 4-5 Decide on a name for your tribe and your tribe’s “symbol” (prehistoric tribes couldn’t write yet) Decide on a leader

Tribal Activity Each tribe must complete the following activity. Tribal leader it is your job to make sure EVERY person in your tribe completes the activity Each tribe must complete the following activity. Tribal leader it is your job to make sure EVERY person in your tribe completes the activity

Tribal Activity – Make a Chart (two columns with four categories each) 1. How do we get food? 2. Where do we live? 3. What do we do each day? 4. Who tells us what to do? 1. How do we get food? 2. Where do we live? 3. What do we do each day? 4. Who tells us what to do? 1. We get most of our food from… 1. Hunter Gatherers got most of their food… People of Today Hunter Gatherers

Tribal Leaders... Each tribe member should complete the “People of Today” part of the chart.

Hunter Gatherer Societies – Reading Notes When did they live When did they live Where’d they live Where’d they live Describe their habitat Describe their habitat Social Structures Social StructuresQuestions Words to look up (vocabulary journal) When did they live When did they live Where’d they live Where’d they live Describe their habitat Describe their habitat Social Structures Social StructuresQuestions Words to look up (vocabulary journal) Summary statement

Assignment: Read Hunter Gatherer Reading and Complete Reading Notes.

BR- Please return to your tribes, I will give your “charts” back to you Today: The Beginnings of History – The “Story” of History Begins.

Tribal Activity Yesterday we examined the lives of people of today in the areas of (1) Food (2) Where they live (3) What they do during the day (4) Who tells them what to do. Today we will set up the other half of our comparison. We will examine the 4 areas of the Hunter-Gatherer. Complete the Other side of your Chart

Tribal Activity : How Scattered about the room are various fact cards about how Hunter-Gatherers lived. The fact cards cover the 4 areas of your chart: (1) Food, (2) Where they live (3) What they do during the day (4) Who tells them what to do. All tribes must “hunt” or “gather” all of the information from the different fact cards Every tribe member must transfer the information for each fact to their own chart

Tribal Activity – Make a Chart 1. How do we get food? (6) 2. Where do we live? (5) 3. What do we do each day?(5) 4. Who tells us what to do? (5) 1. We get most of our food from… 1. Hunter Gatherers got most of their food from… People Of Today Hunter Gatherers

Tribal Leaders.. Each person should complete the “Hunter Gather” part of the chart. All members of your tribe (even absent ones!) must complete the chart Make sure they get in the folder!

Food #1 Hunter gatherers got some of their food by hunting alone or in groups. Hunting was not a great way to get food because it took a lot of time and energy, you weren’t guaranteed that you’d bring anything back. Also, the food spoiled quickly

Food #2 Most hunter gatherers got the majority of the food from gathering. This was gathering whatever naturally growing fruits, berries, nuts, roots, or vegetables they could find.

Food #3 When hunter gatherers ate all of the food in an area they had to move to find new sources.

Food #4 Hunter gatherer societies were a subsistence society. This means that they were always on the verge of starvation. They were eating just enough to ‘get by.’

Food #5 Most women gathered and most men hunted. Possible evolutionary psychology link--communicative abilities vs. spatial visualization abilities

Food #6 Hunter gatherers burned about 4,000 calories a day. For today’s adult female, the level is around 2,000 calories per day, with 600 fat calories. For today’s adult male, the level is around 2,500 calories per day, with 750 fat calories.

Where do they live #1 Hunter gatherers lived in small groups (30- 60) people. Smaller groups would eat up the food in an area slower than large groups. If you only have one pizza, more people means the pizza will be eaten sooner!

Where do they live #2 Hunter gatherers lived in temporary structures. Tee-pees, lean-tos, or structures that could be built quickly and taken down quickly (to move!) were key to the nomadic way of life.

Where do they live #3 Hunter gatherers were nomads. This means they were always on the move. They moved to follow the food (herds of animals) or when the weather in an area was bad, or if there was no more food to gather.

Where do they live #4 Hunter gatherers sometimes lived in natural structures like caves, rock overhangs, or dense tree coverings. They would live here because they provided shelter and because it didn’t take time to build.

Where do they live #5 Hunter gatherers did not build permanent structures (houses, walls, cities). Why spend the time to build something you would be leaving soon?

What did they do in a day #1 Hunter gatherers spent almost their entire waking time collecting or preparing food.

What did they do in a day #2 Hunter gatherers had little time for inventing things. That's why little changed in the way of life for thousands of years.

What did they do in a day #3 Hunter gatherers had few luxury items. Any item that didn't serve a purpose was rarely made. It took time to make luxuries and anything other than what you could carry would be left behind when you moved

What did they do in a day #4 Hunter gatherers made some primitive art (cave paintings). They usually dealt with practical matters. For example, paintings were of animals they hunted in the area.

What did they do in a day #5 Hunter gatherers did make some “jewelry”. These items were made of rocks, wood, or animal bone.

Who tells them what to do #1 Hunter gatherer society was egalitarian. Everyone was more or less equal. Since they all had to work together to survive no one person was more important “United we stand, divided we fall.”

Who tells them what to do #2 Hunter gatherers did not have a complex social structure-no governments or law systems. People might listen to an elder or a chief but that chief still worked to support the group. Because food was so scarce even the chief had to hunt and gather.

Who tells them what to do #3 Hunter gatherers had few full time leaders. There was no “I'm the chief! Bring me my food!”

Who tells them what to do #4 Hunter gatherer groups tended to be organized by family or extended family (clan) Harsh environments ie. Afghanistan, Appalachian Mountains

Who tells them what to do #5 Hunter gatherer societies had few artisans (people who were specialized in making or doing things). No teachers, performers, scientists, artists – Every artisan was a person NOT hunting or gathering. Hunter gatherers didn't have enough food to sustain that.