Update Notebooks EQ: What reform movements take shape in this era? TSWBAT evaluate the various reform movements 1/27TJ Administration 67 1/28Louisiana Purchase68 2/3Expedition Log69 2/3JM Administration Power Thinking 70 2/6Monroe’s 1 st Administration 71 2/7Monroe’s 2 nd Administration72 2/10Reform Era LGS73 2/10Reform Era SPC74 2/11Andrew Jackson Power Thinking75 2/12Seminole Indian Video Notes76 2/13Trail of Tears Power Thinking77 2/18Reform Movements78

Objective and Scales The student will be able to describe the expansion of democracy and compare and contrast the various reform movements (temperance, prison/mentally ill, education, antislavery, women’s suffrage, with 80% accuracy Where does today’s objective fit into the unit learning goal scale? Objective D, E, F, H, I WHOA! What do you need to be able to accomplish with objective D and E to reach MASTERY LEVEL or SCALE Everest? TOC: Page 79 Reform Movements

The idea of reform A drive to improve society and the lives of Americans during the mid 1800’s, especially 1. The disadvantaged 2. Enslaved 3. Urban poor The Age of Jackson was a time of expanding democracy. In the 1830s many Americans became interested in social reform, organized attempts to improve conditions of life The spirit of reform brought changes to 1. Religion-2 nd Great Awakening 2. Abolitionist Movement 3. Public Schools 4. Women’s rights/suffrage 5. Prisons/mentally ill facilities 6. Transcendentalists 7. Utopian Communities 8. Temperance

In your groups you will be creating a brief presentation of a reform movement: You should include: What started the movement (what were they trying to reform), important leaders, what were their goals, what did they accomplish, what struggles did they face. You should plan a way to organize the information (Cornell or Power Notes) as well as a small reflection activity (summary, illustrated summary, OSS ect) starting on page 78 Your group will receive a grade for the presentation and the organization of the content (20 points possible-Out of class assignment grade) All group members should have their reform movement planned in their notebook Each group will have only ten minutes to present so plan your time wisely.

Group Assignments: Group One: Second Great Awakening and Utopian Societies Group Two: Temperance Movement Group Three: Prison/Mentally Ill Reform Movement Group Four: Education Reform, AA Education Reform Group Five: Antislavery (Abolitionist Movement) Group Six: Women’s rights reform

2. Second Great Awakening Beginning in the early 1800s new generation of religious ministers challenged traditional religious views The 2 nd Great Awakening preached that people’s own actions determined their salvation Charles Finney was among these new preachers, he held religious revivals or huge outdoor religious meetings This new religious revival blended well with the new political ideas of the time about democracy and independence. “All sorts of abandoned characters are awakened and converted…”

3. Utopian Societies A few people thought to improve society by creating perfect communities called utopias(perfect society). Harmony, Indiana was a “utopia” established by Robert Owen in Turned out to be anything BUT a utopia

4. Temperance Movement Many reformers supported temperance or an organized effort to end alcohol abuse and the problems created by it Alcohol was widely used, whiskey was cheaper than milk!! Alcoholism and alcohol abuse reached an epidemic This reform movement drew many women supporters b/c it was often women and children that suffered at the hands of alcoholic husbands/fathers Other reforms called for stricter action or the total ban of the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol called prohibition.

5. Prison Reform/Mentally Ill facilities Prisons were poorly heated, had inadequate food, and cramped conditions Chains and cages were used on the mentally ill inside the prisons Many were not criminals, but were debtors Dorothea Dix a MA, school teacher was one of the first to take up prison reform and mentally ill reform She worked to convince state legislatures to build new, more sanitary, and more humane prisons Dorothea work helped remove the mentally ill from prisons and into separate institutions called asylums (provided treatment, not punishment)

6. Education Reform Education was another area of concern for reforms Massachusetts became the first state to pass laws requiring public schools, free schools supported by taxes Reforms argued that education was necessary to create informed voters Horace Mann of MA, took the lead in education reform. He argued democracy depended on an educated society He helped to improve the MA public school system, training teachers, and lengthen the school year Other states followed MA’s example and by the 1850s many Northeastern states had public schools. Southern and Western states lagged behind “…enrich their minds with knowledge…”

7. Education for A.A. Improvements in public education did little to nothing for A.A education Because of the ______ ______, Southern states prohibited teaching enslaved people to read or write Schools in the North were segregated However, in 1855 MA became the first state to admit AA students to public school Some AA attended private colleges such as Harvard and Oberlin First AA to graduate from Harvard, class of 1870 Richard T Greener

Summary and Progress Chart Under your Cornell Notes: Describe how reform movements improved society in the mid 1880s. Use specific examples and details. (One full paragraph) Complete progress chart for objective D and E