Write Question AND Answer. 1.Identify one transcendentalist and give a detail about them. 2.Identify two details about education reform in the early-mid.

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Presentation transcript:

Write Question AND Answer

1.Identify one transcendentalist and give a detail about them. 2.Identify two details about education reform in the early-mid 1800s. 3.Outline the Abolition vs. Pro-Slavery argument. 4.Identify three details about the Women’s Rights Movement.

The Second Great Awakening Staged revivals, sometimes lasting 5 days Membership in Churches increased African Americans formed their own churches Rejected Calvinism and Predetermination (salvation/damnation) Unitarianism: Believed individual and social reform are important

Transcendentalism Henry David Thoreau Ralph Waldo Emerson Wrote “Walden” Believed in Civil Disobedience Believed Truth is found in Nature Emphasized living a simple life

In the mid-19 th Century (1800s), Dorothea Dix advocated reform for mentally ill people. She wrote a report for the Massachusetts Legislature & convinced 9 Southern States to improve conditions in mental institutions. Education was another area in need of reform… MassachusettsPennsylvania 1837 – Horace Mann becomes the 1 st Secretary of Education Established teacher training programs and curriculum reform 1834 – Established a school system that is supported by taxes Within 3 years, 42% of school aged children were attending

By the 1820’s, more and more reform-minded people were advocating for abolition of slavery. Charles Finney, a revivalist preacher from Rochester, called slavery “a great national sin”. Pro-Abolition -William Lloyd Garrison (white man) started a newspaper called The Liberator -Anti-slavery associations are created -Frederick Douglass (black man) escaped slavery, was well spoken and well written Pro-Slavery -Stated the slavery benefited the black -Stated blacks were happy with the conditions -Said the black slave system was better than the wage system of the North The Debates raged. Abolitionists pushed for immediate emancipation. Pro-slavery advocates secured a gag rule (limiting the amount of time Congress could have debates over the issue). Violence would erupt in places. Slaves would revolt and retaliate against slave holders.

Women’s Reform Movement Temperance Many wanted to prohibit drinking 1826 – the American Temperance Society was created Education For girls, not important. One of the first women’s schools opened in Black women faced greater challenges. Seneca Falls Convention Nearly 300 people gathered to advocate for women’s rights. Women should participate in public life. Abolition Appealed to the Christian ideals to condemn slavery Sojourner Truth -Black women -Abolitionist -Traveled Extensively