The Second Great Awakening Religious Revival The Second Great Awakening

Focus Question How did the religious reform movement of the Antebellum period help spark other reform movements?

Role of Religion remained strong in the U.S. Church attendance remained high Most adhered to some form of Christianity Most states disestablished official churches Jefferson’s “Wall of Separation”

Growth of “Liberal” Theology Deism common among Founders. Relied on Reason, not Revelation Approached theology with logic Unitarianism Stressed that man was good God seen as loving father Stressed good works

The Second Great Awakening Reaction Set In Many disagreed with the softening of old teachings Others concerned over the changes in the country The Second Great Awakening

Growth of Revivals Revivals spread from the frontier throughout the nation Utilized “camp meetings” led by itinerant preachers Focused on the audience Easily understood Offered salvation for all Characterized by ecstatic frenzies of activity Stressed Revelation Flourished in western New York the “burned over” district

Church Membership Expanded New sects promoted “democratic” forms Preachers required little formal training Stressed an itinerant ministry

Impact on Denominations Evangelical churches flourished Baptists Methodists Mainline faiths saw a drop in numbers Episcopalians Congregationalists

Role of Women “Feminized” religion Middle-class women became the most fervent participants Preachers gave women a role in bringing their families to God Women took to the forefront in benevolent crusades and reforms

New Denominations Millerites (Adventists) Believed Christ would come to Earth on October 22, 1844 Faded, but continued as the Seventh Day Adventists

New Denominations Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Based teachings on the Book of Mormon Established a strong, disciplined hierarchy Often developed difficulties with non-Mormon neighbors Moved from New York to Ohio then Missouri to Illinois Finally settled in Utah

Impacts Promoted social reform Temperance Mental Health Prison Reform Promoted calls for women’s rights Expanded Abolition Movement

Assignment Complete a poster describing one of five reform movements of the Antebellum Period. Movement All Posters Must Include Public School Reform Title Identify the driving issues Higher Education Reform Identify the goals Identify the accomplishments Temperance Movement Identify the key people involved A Snappy Slogan Utopian Communities An Illustration Identify the Impact on society Transcendentalists