The Union Takes Over

Topics Reconstruction Elections of 1868 and 1872 Election of 1876

Reconstruction Presidential Congressional

Presidential Reconstruction Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination Johnson’s failure to pick up the mantle

Lincoln’s Plan for Reconstruction 1863-Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction “The Confederate States never left the Union” Wanted the state governments back in operation before September

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination North South

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination-North April 11, 1865 Ford’s Theatre, Washington, DC John Wilkes Booth Despair

Ford’s Theatre-1866

Today

John Wilkes Booth- 1860

Effect of Lincoln’s Assassination-South Left open the chance that Lincoln’s plan would not happen

Andrew Johnson –17 th president

Johnson’s failure to pick up the mantle Agreed with Lincoln that the states never left the Union, so reconstruction is unnecessary

Johnson’s failure to pick up the mantle May 1865-Proclamation of Amnesty Each state had to ratify the 13 th Amendment to get back in

Congressional Reconstruction Radical Republicans Judicial Branch Program for Freed Slaves

Radical Republicans Rule Loyalty Oaths Pardons Military Occupation Limits to Presidential Power

Loyalty Oaths 1864-Wade-Davis Bill

Pardons Congress, without Southern members voted to approve a Joint Committee on Reconstruction

Pardons Reconstruction Acts- DO not allow a person to vote unless you can tell that he is fit

Military Occupation 1867-Military Reconstruction Act divided the states into military districts

Limits to Presidential Power 1867-Command of the Army Act, Tenure of Office Act Impeachment of Johnson

He kept pardoning former Confederates Deliberatively violated the Tenure of Office Act

Impeachment of Johnson “Tried to obstruct the will of Congress” 1868-Impeached Stepped back from the process

Judicial Congress removed the power of the court to review cases under the Reconstruction Acts The Court ruled on the idea of an “indestrucable Union”

Program for freed slaves Constitutional Amendments Creation of the Freedman’s Bureau “It is now Our Country”

Constitutional Amendments 1866-Civil Rights Act

Creation of the Freedman’s Bureau Johnson vetoed an act to extend the life of the Bureau, saying that it was created for wartime and war is over Congress overrode the veto

White Southerners’ Response to Reconstruction Dislike for “Carpetbaggers” and “Scalawags” Resentment Strong dislike for anything “Yankee” Birth of the KKK The “Solid South”

Dislike for “Carpetbaggers” and “Scalawags” Carpetbaggers – Slang for Northerners who came south Scalawags – Slang for Southerners who opposed secession

Resentment Southerners hated both groups

Birth of the KKK 1866-Pulaski, Tennessee

The “Solid South”

Elections

1868 and 1872 Elections Republicans Triumphant Corruption in Government

Republicans Triumphant Election of a military hero Split within the party

Election of a military hero Grant wins both, although his political leanings were unknown

Split within the party Republicans Liberal republicans

Corruption in Government Credit mobilier Whiskey Ring Local Level

Credit mobilier Construction company that embezzled a ton of money Cabinet and Congress members benefitted

Whiskey Ring Grant’s Private Secretary involved

Local Level Tammany Hall

The Compromise of Electoral Commission set up Hayes elected President if he removed the last troops from the South

Samuel J. Tilden

Hayes- Elected 1877