Birds of Minnesota Brandon Haugdahl Marcus Behr

Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Ardea herodias The Great Blue Heron’s food sources include: shellfish, insects, rodents, amphibians, reptiles and small birds. Great Blue Heron song: pedia.org/wik i/File:Great_B lue_Heron.og g

Canada Goose Branta canadensis Branta canadensis The Canada Goose’s main food sources are: Grasses, aquatic plants, wheat, beans, rice, and corn. Canada Goose Song:

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Anas platyrhynchos The Mallard’s main food sources are: plant food, grazing. The Mallard’s song: Male(top) and Female(bottom)

Wood Duck Aix sponsa Aix sponsa The Wood Duck’s food sources include: Berries, Seeds, insects. Wood Duck song: Male Wood Duck Female Wood Duck

Red-Tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis Buteo jamaicensis The food sources of the Red-Tailed Hawk are: small mammals, birds and reptiles. Carnivorous bird. Red-Tailed Hawk Song:

Osprey Pandion haliateus Pandion haliateus Bird of live prey that feeds mainly on live fish. Osprey call:

Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Haliaeetus leucocephalus Mainly Feeds on fish and mammals. Bald Eagle Song:

American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos Corvus brachyrhynchos Eats insects, small vertabraes, reptiles, mammals, eggs of birds, grains, fruits. American Crow Song: Males and females are the same. Males slightly larger.

Red-Headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus Melanerpes erythrocephalus The Red-headed Woodpecker is an omnivore. It feeds on eggs from other birds, seeds, fruit, grain, mice. Red-Headed Woodpecker Song:

Ring-Necked Pheasant Phasianus colchius Phasianus colchius Male Female The Ring- necked pheasant’s food sources include: fruit, seeds, leaves, and snakes, lizards, small mammals and birds. The Ring-necked pheasant song:

Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris gallopavo Female Male Feeds on seeds, acorns, leaves, grains, berries, and insects.

American Robin Turdus migratorius Turdus migratorius Male Female Feeds on wild and cultivated fruits, berries, earthworms, and insects such as beetle grubs, caterpillars, and grasshoppers

Eastern Bluebird Dumetella carolinensis Dumetella carolinensis Feeds on insects, earthworms, snails, and other invertebrates Male Female

Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis Cardinalis cardinalis Eats seeds, insects, fruits, and snails Female Male

Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Carduelis carduelis Feeds primarily on seeds; prefers hanging onto seed heads rather than feeding on the ground. Male Female

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Hirundo rustica Diet includes insects such as grasshopper s, crickets, dragonflies, beetles, and moths. Female Male

Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata Cyanocitta cristata Feeds on fruits, nuts, seeds, insects, mice, and frogs; sometimes robs other nests for young birds and eggs. Male Female

Northern Oriole Icterus galbula Icterus galbula Feeds primarily on caterpillars, moths, beetles, ants, bugs, scale insects, aphids, and woodborers; also eats fruits, garden peas, and flower nectar. Male Female

Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris Archilochus colubris Feeds mostly on nectar, but also eats insects and spiders; preferred flowers include honeysuckle, petunias, nasturtiums, and lilacs Male Female

Common Raven Corvus corax Corvus corax Eats carrion and associated insects such as maggots and beetles; also feeds on afterbirth of ewes and other large mammals, small mammals, reptiles, frogs, young or wounded birds, grains, acorns, and fruits.

Common Loon Eats mostly fish and occasionally crustaceans such as crayfish; forages by diving from the surface and chasing down prey underwater. Gavia immer INTERESTING FACTS The strange “yodel” or “loon laughter” of the Common Loon was described by the famous naturalist John Muir. They make underwater fishing dives of up to 200 feet under water. They are adapted for diving, as well as their eyes are adapted to water and air. This bird is the state bird of Minnesota. It is as well on the “loonie” coin in Canada. It has many nicknames from "asylum", "cry", "loomery", "raft", and "water dance" of loons.

Owls Of the Three Biomes Northern Saw-whet Owl is small, large headed, with brown upperparts and white underparts and thick brown stripes. Head has gray facial disk with white "Y” between eyes; lacks ear tufts. Bill is dark. Wings, brown with white spots. Sexes are similar. Juvenile is dark brown overall with buff-orange breast and belly, and white "Y” on face. Eastern Screech-Owl Gray Morphis small owl with gray- mottled upperparts, rows of white spots at its shoulders and heavily streaked and barred underparts. Ear tufts are small, eyes are bright yellow and bill is yellow. Short, rounded wings and tail are barred. Sexes are similar. Juvenile has a downy appearance. Red morph is similar but gray tones are replaced with red-brown. Great Horned Owl are large owls with dark brown, gray-brown mottled upperparts and dark barred underparts. Head has distinct ear tufts. Throat and upper breast are white and may have heavy dark spots. Sexes are similar. Northern birds are paler and grayer.

Two Chickadees of Biomes Black-capped Chickadee are medium-sized, stocky with pale gray upperparts and breast and pale olive-brown underparts. Black cap and white cheeks are noticeable. Bill is short and thin. Wings are dark with broad white edges on feathers. Sexes are similar. Boreal Chickadee are large for their species with brown upperparts, dark brown cap, small black bib, gray face and neck, white cheek, and white underparts. Wings and tail are gray. Sexes are similar.

Two Blackbirds of Biomes Rusty Blackbird are medium blackbirds, black overall with a dull, blue- green sheen, yellow eyes. Lives usually near grounds of wet woodlands and fields, wades in marshes or small pools of water. Feeds on insects, caterpillars, snails, crustaceans, small fish, salamanders, fruits, grains and seeds. Brewer's Blackbird: Medium- sized blackbird with purple gloss on head and neck and green gloss on body and wings. Eyes are yellow. Follows farm tractors and plows. Forages on ground. Feeds on caterpillars, insects, fruits, seeds and grains. Strong, swift and direct flight with rapidly beating wings.

Two Nuthatches of Biomes Red-breasted Nuthatchs are medium nuthatchs with blue-gray upperparts and pale rust-brown underparts. Head has a black cap, white eyebrow, black eyestripe; throat is white. Bill is slightly turned. Legs and feet are black. Weak fluttering flight, alternates rapid wing beats with wings drawn to sides. White-breasted Nuthatchs are large nuthatchs, blue-gray upperparts, black crown and nape, and white face, underparts. Tail is dark with white corners. Legs and feet are black. Eats spiders,insects, nuts and seeds. Weak fluttering flight, alternates rapid wing beats with periods of wings drawn to sides.

Aquatic Wading Birds Comparison Common Loon (Gavia immer ) Common Loon (Gavia immer ) –Fish eater –Sexes similar –Deciduous forest Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca ) Greater Yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca ) –Sexes similar –Eat insects and small fish –Habitats are marshes and bogs

Warbler Comparison Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens)(Coniferous) Black-throated Blue Warbler (Dendroica caerulescens)(Coniferous) –Feeds while hanging upside down, sexes are similar, neotropical migrants, mating habitat in decidious areas. –Main food source is insects and small fruits Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) (Decidious) –North-bound bird, sexes similar, –Feeds on insects and spiders –Migrates to central america.

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