1 Preparing for the Science Gateway

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Prewriting - Revisit the prompt & organize ideas from documents. 3 Write an essay that explains the changes involved in the cycling of matter.  Describe a food web in detail, including at least three food chains.  State the law of conservation of matter and energy and explain how this law applies to photosynthesis and cellular respiration.  Describe how carbon is cycled between living organisms and their environment. CONCEPT MAP 1 food web 3. Carbon cycle = outside circle 2. Photosynthesis & cellular respir.

Outlining for Prewriting Introduction: Narrative and/or fact I.EXPLAIN: Food Web Cycling of matter Forest – Producers - grass, shrubs (doc A) Consumers – deer, herbivores obtain energy from plants Secondary Consumers – hawks, hunters, lions, wolves eat deer and other rodents to obtain energy; can not supply own energy Consumers – pass away, decompose into soil -provide nutrients to soil, i.e. bacteria, fungi -soil used to grow producers - DOC A – food chain complete 4

Add your knowledge to the outline/concept map. 5 Jot into your prewrite everything that you remember about the topic(s) that will help answer the question. Add in ideas in the appropriate, logical order. EXPLAIN: Food Web Cycling of matter Food chain – transfer of materials (food) & energy (bonds in the food) from one organism to another. Forest – Producers - grass, shrubs (doc A) (autotrophs – convert solar energy w/sun Sunlight is the source of energy in most ecosystems. Consumers – deer, herbivores obtain energy from plants Needs to have 3 organisms in the proper sequence for a food chain Secondary Consumers – hawks, hunters, lions, wolves eat deer and other rodents to obtain energy; heterotrophs – must consume others for energy can not supply own energy 3 levels of consumers Primary (mouse eats plants) Secondary (eat herbivores (snake) Tertiary eat secondary consumers (owl) Consumers – pass away, decompose into soil Organisms obtain energy and transfer it back to the environment when they die. -provide nutrients to soil, i.e. bacteria, fungi -soil used to grow producers - DOC A – food chain complete

Outlining for Prewriting from the documents 6 II.EXPLAIN/DESCRIBE: Carbon atmosphere soil Carbon cycle -- carbon in the soil fossilizes Nonrenewable resources for civilization Fuel is burned --- energy released --- carbon back to atmosphere Carbon returns to atmosphere through plants/consumers --Byproduct of respiration (Docs B & C)

Add your knowledge to the outline/concept map. 7 EXPLAIN/DESCRIBE: Carbon atmosphere used by plants to conduct photosynthesis and create energy soil herbivores eat plants to receive carbon atoms Carbon cycle -- carbon in the soil fossilizes Nonrenewable resources for civilization Fuel is burned --- energy released --- carbon back to atmosphere burning of fossil fuels releases carbon into atmosphere Carbon returns to atmosphere through plants/consumers – animals exhale and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere --Byproduct of respiration (Docs B & C) Cycle – animal dies and decays into soil, plants grown in soil, herbivores eat plants (get carbon), carnivores eat animals, (both exhale to release carbons), both die and go back into the soil - Jot into your prewrite everything that you remember about the topic(s) that will help answer the question. Add in ideas in the appropriate, logical order.

State : Law of conservation of matter and energy = matter and energy can neither be created or destroyed Explain how this law applies to photosynthesis /energy cycle carbon dioxide cycles to produce oxygen Doc C formula cellular respiration/ consumers & producers convert energy into usable forms Formula Doc C 8

Add your knowledge to the outline/concept map 9 State : Law of conservation of matter and energy = matter and energy can neither be created or destroyed Matter is constantly being recycled, remains constant. Energy is not recycled but transformed – light to heat or chemical See chemical equations Doc C Explain how this law applies to photosynthesis /energy cycle carbon dioxide cycles to produce oxygen Doc C formula 2 Reverse of C.R. CO 2 and H 2 O combine in sun to produce glucose and release oxygen. cellular respiration/ consumers & producers convert energy into usable forms Formula Doc C Useable form of energy is used by cells to make all cellular reactions happen. Jot into your prewrite everything that you remember about the topic(s) that will help answer the question. Add in ideas in the appropriate, logical order.

Tomorrow – We will take a look at what constitutes a good paragraph utilizing the details in the prewrite. 10