By Nicole, Bhumika, Natasha, Niharika, Mark, Ronak Group 6 Grade 6 Vidya Niketan School

History of Negative numbers  In the 16 th century Girolamo Cardanon, a famous Italian mathematician and physician, for the first time described negative numbers as fictitious and accepted the possibility of them being the solutions to equations.  He described this in his famous book ‘Ars Magnia’ which was published in 1545.

Rules that exist for performing operations with integers  Addition and subtraction rules Same sign keep and add Different signs, subtract Take the sign of the bigger absolute value Then you will be exact !

Multiplication and division rules Multiplication and division rules SPON works ! S = same signs P = positive O = opposite signs N = negative Same signs positive, opposite signs negative

Integers in sports  Integers are used in many indoor and outdoor games. Here is an example: Gita is leading by 8 points. The board game is coming to an end. Rohit asks a question. Gita answers it correctly and she gets +1!

While Gita is taking a break, the score keeper catches Rohit cheating. Rohit gets -1. In hockey, In hockey, Team Fireball scores a goal! Team Fireball scores a goal! They get +1 so Team Dragon gets -1. They get +1 so Team Dragon gets -1. Now Team Fireball gets -1 as Team Dragon scores a goal +1. Now Team Fireball gets -1 as Team Dragon scores a goal +1.

Integers in weather and distance  Weather when the temperature is above 0,it is represented by + sign. when the temperature is above 0,it is represented by + sign. when the temperature is below 0,it is represented by – sign. when the temperature is below 0,it is represented by – sign.

Temperature at different places TimeWalesEgypt Ice Land Antarctic day  c 41  c 14  c -5  c night 16  c 23  c 12  c -40  c

Directed numbers Many of the numbers we use represent situations which have directions. These numbers are called directed numbers. Once a number is chosen as positive(+), the opposite is chosen as negative(-). Directed numbers are used in Mathematics, engineering, business, and sciences. If a directed number is a whole number, it is called an integer.

  If 40km due East = km due west = km due west = m above sea level= m above sea level= m below sea level= m below sea level= m due North= m due North= m due south= m due south= -29

Budgeting If the budget exceeds a certain amount then it is negative(-). If costs are within the budget, then it is positive(+).

 Katy’s parents have given her a budget of Rs. 50.  Katy happily picks many dresses.While she is at the counter she realizes that she had exceeded her budget by Rs.20 represented by (-20).So she had to return few dresses. For example:

Katy’s shopping experience

Learning Experience  We have learnt integers in a very fun and interesting manner.  The teacher has taught us to use integers in our day to day life, through many activities.  We learnt integers with visuals and through a rhyme, which makes it interesting and easy to use.  We wrote down what we wanted to learn and what we learnt and what we know through a KWL chart.

Citations      

Acknowledgement We would like to thank you all for watching our presentation. We would also like to thank Bhagya ma’am for giving us this opportunity.