Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #1 M Y S A T! May 2001 A conceptual captology design by Nicole Cheslock, Tania Choi, Shuli Gilutz, Tacy Trowbridge Design Challenge To design an interactive Palm experience that motivates high school juniors to prepare for the SAT. Time limit: 10 hours/team member

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #2 MY SAT Persuasive Purpose Motivate juniors in high school to prepare for the SAT. Industrial Design

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #3 User Description 16 or 17 year old female (First born ) College bound Middle class (HHI $50,000+) May be active in extracurricular activities like sports and drama May have a part time job Has a group of friends Has aggressive parents

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #4 MY SAT – Stage 1: Bonding and Building Reduction – makes it easier to manage time for studying. Learning words daily – anywhere you go you have them with you. Pre-use stage: The user logs on to the website, where she can input her personal details and customize her experience. The relevant info is beamed to the palm. Bonding and creating trust with the device and chosen agent. Using the “word a day” feature in a daily horoscope context. Another “word-a-day feature that’s appealing and fun, especially in a social context – using daily jokes. Shows the user how she uses SAT math regularly, and how she can benefit from it – I.e. calculating training laps and calories.

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #5 MY SAT – Stage 2: Encouraging test preparation through scheduling and information At night, Sam logs into her Palm web site and reviews the colleges that she is eligible for based on her last practice test. Before heading to the pool, Sam opens her Palm and checks out her schedule for the week. My SAT has scheduled two hours of prep time for Tuesday and Thursday afternoons. While hanging out at the pool - waiting for her friends to show up - Sam enters her My SAT screen and practice some geometry problems (her weak spot in the match section of the SAT).

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #6 MY SAT Prototype

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #7 MY SAT’s Features and Functionality The features of MY SAT are best described in relation to the user’s experience. User has taken the PSAT, has a few colleges in mind and is beginning to think about the SATs. Features include: –Registration via Palm web site –Character selection: user can customize character to appear on screen and provide support and encouragement through the prep process –System provides goal setting, –Inserts test and payment deadlines Test date is approaching –Daily horoscopes incorporating SAT vocabulary –Quizzes and a database of verbal and math equations that function as test prep. material as well as motivators to prep more –Schedules study time –Fosters buddy studies by setting up mutual study times via beaming study partners who also have Palms with MY SAT –Provides information on school SAT requirements/user qualification

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #8 Examples of Features and Functionality Daily horoscope provides incentive to learn more - study - and also expands user’s SAT vocabulary Close up of Palm face

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #9 Examples of Features/Functionality Informs user of applicable schools and provides encouragement

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #10 Theoretical Justifications Compliance-Gaining Strategies –Promise: using this program will improve user’s scores and help her get into college –Pre-giving: importing dates, customizing study plans –Expertise –Explanation: Strategies and study tips Elaboration Likelihood Model –Central route: Direct strategies and information about the SAT –Peripheral route: Horoscopes, agent Reduction of Barriers: Easier to manage study time Social Component: everybody’s doing it Commitment in writing: Log in and establishment of a study plan Feedback/Encouragement –Progress bar –Test results

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #11 Key Results of User Testing What’s hot... The Palm as an “expert” providing user with information on colleges and SAT requirements Palm giving help with goal setting, scheduling and deadlines Palm promising higher scores Test taking strategies introduced on Palm with an opportunity to apply them later on a computer Calendar and planning features A cute, encouraging agent who can be turned off and does not get in the way Cool colors and accessories Palm supporting social interaction And…what’s not! Not interested the Palm recording activities such as calorie counting, bill splitting, or gym scores Too many strategies are confusing and overwhelming About our users... Five college-bound senior girls –Two prepared for the SAT by taking a class –Two own an SAT preparation book –Three prepared to get higher scores –Two found strategies more motivating than lists of vocabulary words –Two did not feel it was important to prepare –None currently own a Palm device

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #12 Shortcomings of Design Based on user being active participant Requires user to use calendar/scheduling function of Palm

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #13 Expansion - What else is possible? Other form factors or ID possibilities –If technology allows: use of voice interfaces to minimize effort in typing in on palm interface. Other features and interactions –Creating more social interactions and activities – group games and collaborative / competitive learning.

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #14 Past Steps in Design Process Brainstorming separately in two pairs (different techniques). Consolidation of all the ideas; designing user profile, defining stages, assigning features. User testing with high-school girls. Iterating and finalizing design and report.

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #15 Next Steps in Design Process User test features and functions with more high school teens for appeal and ease of use Create a prototype of the Palm SAT software User test –Parents –College Counselors –Users Iterate

Stanford University, Spring 2001 Ed 225x “Persuasive Technology & Education” Palm Sized Persuasion - SAT Prep. Cheslock, Choi, Gilutz, Trowbridge Slide #16 MY SAT - the cool test prep. friend Motivates user by making preparation fun Influences user by making the test preparation process easier Informs user of test taking strategies and college requirements