 Declaration of Sentiments, 1848  Movement split, 1869  Fifteenth Amendment, 1870  Minor v. Happersett, 1874.

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Presentation transcript:

 Declaration of Sentiments, 1848  Movement split, 1869  Fifteenth Amendment, 1870  Minor v. Happersett, 1874

 Held first Women’s Rights Convention, 1848  “Brains” of the movement: inspirational writings and speeches  Increasingly radical views (The Woman’s Bible)  Dies in 1902

 “ Legs” of the movement  Living symbol of suffrage cause due to ceaseless travel  “Aunt Susan” to many  Dies in 1906

 Legislation: Married Women’s Property Acts  Higher Education  WCTU founding, 1874; NACW, 1896  United in one organization/one cause, 1890  Women voting in 4 western states: Wyoming(1869); Utah(1870); Colorado(1893); Idaho(1896).

Challenges:  Other compelling issues drawing women away  Arduous state-by-state campaigns  New leaders needed

Harriot Stanton Blatch New Leaders New Leaders Alice Stone Blackwell

New Leaders New Leaders Carrie Chapman Catt, c. 1900Anna Howard Shaw "Nothing bigger can come to a human being than to love a great cause more than life itself."

 Movement now international  British Pankhursts spur new assertiveness  4 more western states won (WA, CA, KS, OR)  New generation of women unwilling to wait

Emmeline PankhurstChristabel Pankhurst

 New Organizations  New Tactics

Alice Paul ► Quaker from Moorestown NJ ► Early twenties ► Studying in Britain

► Alice Paul returns 1910 ► How to use British experience for American suffrage? ► Approaches leaders of NAWSA in 1912

Anna Howard Shaw, c. 1910

Womanhood & Citizenship: ► Generations ► Strategy ► Tactics

Carrie Chapman Catt, c. 1915

► First pickets outside White House in January 1917 ► “Silent Sentinels” with banners ► More controversial after WWI declared in April

► Lucy Burns most often arrested ► Prominent women in jail drew attention ► Nearly 200 eventually imprisoned

► Long sentence drew criticism ► Daily articles about AP condition ► Mental examination ► Pickets continued

► All pickets released before Thanksgiving 1917 ► New York state had won suffrage in meantime ► Wilson declares support for constitutional amendment January 1918; House passes. ► Senate passes June 1919

August 26, 1920

Themes:  Women moving into public life esp. after 1870  Suffrage part of Progressive reforms  Using publicity to get results  Consumer society: creating posters, small goods to gain support, advertise.  What’s worth going to jail for?

► Create posters, broadsides incorporating favorite images and persuasive techniques ► Examine posters, etc. for symbolic content and connect to suffrage

► Using suffrage songs to sing; create new; examine means of persuasion. ► Examine supporters/non-supporters of suffrage as a window on society pre-WWI. ►Use controversy over picketing to talk about meaning of patriotism.