The Surgeon General’s Report: Physical Activity and Health Joey Nunan Kin 470 November

The Surgeon General Report People who are usually inactive can improve their health and well-being by becoming even moderately active on a regular basis. People who are usually inactive can improve their health and well-being by becoming even moderately active on a regular basis. Physical activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits. Physical activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits. Greater health benefits can be achieved by increasing the amount (duration, frequency, or intensity) of physical activity. Greater health benefits can be achieved by increasing the amount (duration, frequency, or intensity) of physical activity. Source: Nutrition, Exercise, & Wellness Update

Activity on the decline in Adolescents and Young Adults Half of the American youths, aged years are not vigorously active on a regular basis. Half of the American youths, aged years are not vigorously active on a regular basis. Inactivity during leisure time is to blame Inactivity during leisure time is to blame People now watch Television instead of being outside People now watch Television instead of being outside Source: Physical Activity and Health

The Decline of Physical Activity with the Increase of Age Almost 2/3 (64%) of American adults are overweight or obese (123 million people). Almost 2/3 (64%) of American adults are overweight or obese (123 million people). U.S. deaths from poor diet and physical inactivity account for 17% of total deaths in the U.S. U.S. deaths from poor diet and physical inactivity account for 17% of total deaths in the U.S. Source: Presidents Council Physical Fitness and sport

Health Consequences of Poor Diet and Physical Inactivity Leads to chronic diseases and health Conditions Leads to chronic diseases and health Conditions Heart disease Heart disease High blood pressure High blood pressure Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Some cancers, including colon cancer Some cancers, including colon cancer Stroke Stroke Chronic pulmonary disease (bronchitis, emphysema, asthma) Chronic pulmonary disease (bronchitis, emphysema, asthma) Anxiety and depression Anxiety and depression Sources: Exercise Physiology

Long Term Benefits of Physical Activity Decreases Risk of Heart Disease Inactive people are 2 times more likely to develop coronary artery disease then active are Decreases Risk of Heart Disease Inactive people are 2 times more likely to develop coronary artery disease then active are Decreases Blood Pressure High blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease, strokes, and kidney disease. Decreases Blood Pressure High blood pressure increases the risk of heart disease, strokes, and kidney disease. Decreases Body Fat Regular physical activity helps maintain optimal body weight and composition. Decreases Body Fat Regular physical activity helps maintain optimal body weight and composition. Source: Benefits of Exercise Source: Benefits of Exercise

Short Term Benefits Relaxes and Revitalizes Physical activity reduces mental and muscular tension, and at the same time, increases concentration and energy level. Relaxes and Revitalizes Physical activity reduces mental and muscular tension, and at the same time, increases concentration and energy level. A Break From Daily Routine and Worries Physical activity is like a mini vacation make it fun A Break From Daily Routine and Worries Physical activity is like a mini vacation make it fun Helps You Feel Good About Yourself Physical activity increases your self- esteem and self-confidence Helps You Feel Good About Yourself Physical activity increases your self- esteem and self-confidence

Economic Costs 75% (estimated) of the $1.4 trillion U.S. health care budget is directly linked to treating chronic diseases, many related to physical inactivity and poor nutrition. 75% (estimated) of the $1.4 trillion U.S. health care budget is directly linked to treating chronic diseases, many related to physical inactivity and poor nutrition. Annual cost of obesity: $117 billion Annual cost of obesity: $117 billion Annual cost of type 2 diabetes: $132 billion. Annual cost of type 2 diabetes: $132 billion. Sources: Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and sports

What Can We Do to Promote Physical Activity Make more sidewalks and pathways thru the town Make more sidewalks and pathways thru the town Create new programs where physical activity is involved Create new programs where physical activity is involved Provide access to facilities that enable safe participation in physical activity Provide access to facilities that enable safe participation in physical activity Provide a range of extracurricular programs Provide a range of extracurricular programs

Types of Physical Activities Walking Riding a bike Swimming Yard Work Cleaning the house Dancing Playing sports Lifting weights Sources: Physical Activity and health

How Much Activity is Needed ADULTS 30 T 60 minutes a day 3 to 5 times a week ADULTS 30 T 60 minutes a day 3 to 5 times a week CHILDREN CHILDREN 60 or more minutes a day 3 to 5 times a week

Benefits for Adults Benefits for Adults Men and women of all ages benefit from a moderate amount of daily physical activity Men and women of all ages benefit from a moderate amount of daily physical activity Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activity Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activity Can reduce the risk of chronic health problems (heart disease, diabetes, or obesity) Can reduce the risk of chronic health problems (heart disease, diabetes, or obesity) Physical activity does not have to be strenuous to achieve health benefits Physical activity does not have to be strenuous to achieve health benefits Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Inactivity for Adults More than 60% of adults do not engage in recommended physical activity More than 60% of adults do not engage in recommended physical activity 25% of U.S. adults are not active at all 25% of U.S. adults are not active at all Physical inactivity is more common in: women than men, African Americans and Hispanic adults than whites, older than younger adults, and less affluent than more affluent people Physical inactivity is more common in: women than men, African Americans and Hispanic adults than whites, older than younger adults, and less affluent than more affluent people Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Physical Activity in Older Adults Physical Activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits. Physical Activity need not be strenuous to achieve health benefits. Can obtain significant health benefits with a moderate amount of physical activity preferably daily Can obtain significant health benefits with a moderate amount of physical activity preferably daily Sedentary older adults should start with short intervals of moderate physical activity maybe5- 10 minutes at a time Sedentary older adults should start with short intervals of moderate physical activity maybe5- 10 minutes at a time Source: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Inactivity in Older Adults 47% of adults ages 65 to 74 are inactive 47% of adults ages 65 to 74 are inactive Reduced physical activity can aid in the loss of strength and stamina Reduced physical activity can aid in the loss of strength and stamina Inactivity increases with age Inactivity increases with age Most popular activities among adults 65 years of older are walking, gardening, or yard work Most popular activities among adults 65 years of older are walking, gardening, or yard work Source: Physical activity and health

Benefits of Physical Activity in Older Adults Maintain the ability to live independently Maintain the ability to live independently Reduces the risk of falling and fracturing bones Reduces the risk of falling and fracturing bones Reduce blood pressure with hypertension Reduce blood pressure with hypertension Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions improve their stamina and muscle strength Helps people with chronic, disabling conditions improve their stamina and muscle strength Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints Maintain healthy bones, muscles, and joints Control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis Control joint swelling and pain associated with arthritis Reduces risk of dying from coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes Reduces risk of dying from coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes Sources: Benefits of exercise

Physical Activity in Women Physical activity need to be strenuous to achieve health benefits Physical activity need to be strenuous to achieve health benefits Women of all ages benefit from moderate amounts of physical activity Women of all ages benefit from moderate amounts of physical activity Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activity Additional health benefits can be gained through greater amounts of physical activity The emphasis on moderate amounts of physical activity makes it possible to vary activities to meet individual needs, preferences, and life circumstances The emphasis on moderate amounts of physical activity makes it possible to vary activities to meet individual needs, preferences, and life circumstances Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Inactivity in Women 60% of U.S. women do not engage in the recommended amount of physical activity 60% of U.S. women do not engage in the recommended amount of physical activity 25% of U.S. women are not active at all 25% of U.S. women are not active at all Physical inactivity is more common among women than men Physical inactivity is more common among women than men Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Benefits of Physical Activity for Women Reduces the risk of dying from coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes Reduces the risk of dying from coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer, and diabetes Maintains healthy bones, muscles, and joints Maintains healthy bones, muscles, and joints Helps control weight, build lean muscle, and reduce body fat Helps control weight, build lean muscle, and reduce body fat Helps control joint swelling and pain with arthritis Helps control joint swelling and pain with arthritis Enhance the effect of estrogen replacement therapy in decreasing bone loss after menopause Enhance the effect of estrogen replacement therapy in decreasing bone loss after menopause Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression Can reduce blood pressure with hypertension Can reduce blood pressure with hypertension Sources: Physical Activity and Health

Every day I am bombarded In each direction that I turn By those who claim that EXERCISE Causes flab to crash and burn! I did jumping jacks and sit ups Went out and bought that darn machine The one that guarantees in 30 days I'd be trim and fit and lean... I put it in the extra room That we affectionately call the "gym" With all the other paraphernalia That will one day make me slim! Ab mats for doing crunches A small tramp to run in place That awful, go-nowhere pedaling bike That only leaves me red of face! I have workout clothes and sweat bands Even a "get-fit" coffee cup! But that scale hasn't budged an inch So, I'm on the verge of giving up! I've just about convinced myself That it's true what some folks say... You have heard it too......Eat Right! Get Fit? Die anyway!! This is a poem That I saw. It makes me think of what people think exercise has to be.

Exercise does not have to be a strenuous dreadful thing it can be fun and life fulfilling. So go out and find a way to live your life to the extreme. Exercise does not have to be a strenuous dreadful thing it can be fun and life fulfilling. So go out and find a way to live your life to the extreme.