SW 644: Issues in Developmental Disabilities Self-Determination Part II Lecture Presenters: Dennis Harkins

INDIVIDUAL Subjective Personal Can best be known by self, and for some people by those who best know and care about the person ( Family often play that role) COMMUNITY & CULTURE Place Culture/Values/Beliefs SERVICE SYSTEM & GOVT. Public Bureaucracies (DHFS,DPI,DVR) Counties, CMOs, and Schools Provider and Health Care Agencies Professionals/Paraprofessionals Political Systems Integrating Support & Services to People with Disabilities in Wisconsin

Institutions Created Institutional & Societal Rejection and Exclusion 1848 – 1900s Protection of people with disabilities 1900s – 1940s Segregation Laws forbid people with disabilities from marrying People with disabilities sterilized Degrading, inhumane conditions within institutions People with disabilities part of the holocaust in Germany Unfolding of Services and Support to People with Developmental Disabilities (1848 – 1940s)

Institutional Reform Attention to medical and developmental needs Community of peers and paid staff 1940s – 1970s Parent movement began The ARC is founded in 1948; UCP soon after First worked to reform institutions, which continued to grow 196,000 people in public institutions by 1969 Exposed inhumane conditions Worked with staff and administrators Federal and state advocacy Began daytime and sheltered work services without public dollars By 1960s were actively working as advocates to: Change and create laws; Create a right to education; Require funding of community services Began using state and federal courts PARC vs. Pennsylvania: Unfolding of Services and Support to People with Developmental Disabilities (1940s – 1970s)

Community Programs Attention to medical and developmental needs Community of peers and paid staff Physical presence in neighborhood, community and school 1970s The decade of change Day activities and sheltered work expand Group homes created – 1972 in Wisconsin Community programs created (1974: 51.42/.437 Legislation) Right to education passed (1973 Wisconsin: 1975 Federal) Birth to 3 programs widespread Deinstitutionalization begins “Developmental model” added to “Medical model” Independent Living Movement begins – 1971 Normalization emerges – deepens understanding of systematic ‘devaluation” of people with disabilities. Unfolding of Services and Support to People with Developmental Disabilities (1970s – 1980s)

Community Membership, and … Attention to medical and developmental needs Community of peers and paid staff Physical presence in neighborhood, community and school Community includes citizens without disabilities Supported living and employment Family Support Inclusion in regular classrooms … Self-Determination 1980s Physical presence is not enough Family support begins within states COP & CIP in Wisconsin Self-Advocacy begins Focus on helping people obtain community employment Focus on helping people live in typical homes Person-Centered Planning emerges Deinstitutionalization continues Unfolding of Services and Support to People with Developmental Disabilities (1980s)

… Self-Determination Attention to medical and developmental needs Community of peers and paid staff Physical presence in neighborhood, community and school Community includes citizens without disabilities Supported living and employment Family Support Inclusion in regular classrooms Each person, in the company of others who care, crafts a meaningful life in neighborhood and community 1990s - Today Home and Community-Based Services expand dramatically New Hampshire, followed by 10 other states close public institutions Increasing awareness and acceptance of disabilities Self-determination as “systems change” begins in New Hampshire Supported living and home ownership grow Olmstead Supreme Court Decision Family Care Pilots in Wisconsin include self- determination (defined as Self-Directed Supports) Family Care expansion (2007) Deinstitutionalization continues Unfolding of Services and Support to People with Developmental Disabilities (1990s - Today)