weather

Climate Average weather conditions over time

Climate Determines the global distributions of ecosystems

Global Air Circulation Patterns affect climate

Fig. 43.3, p.756 winds from various directions b Deflections in the initial pattern near Earth’s surface. a Initial pattern of air circulation as air masses warm and rise, then cool and fall.

as do rotation around the sun land masses and oceans latitude elevation

cold cool temperate warm temperate tropical (equator) tropical warm temperate cool temperate change in latitudechange in latitude  latitude 

Topography (elevation) Fig , p.761 moist habitats

oceanography

sea level tides storm surge waves

Death Valley National Park The USA’s point of lowest elevation

Tidal Misconceptions MOON

San Diego Mediterranean climate –

Omaha, Nebraska, USA: typically 44F – 60F on April 15!

gardening in Mediterranean climates worldwide

marine layer (summer)

Santa Anas (winter)

El Niño phenomena cause DOWNWELLING

variability

hydrology

HANDOUT

Fig , p.742 land atmosphere evaporation from ocean 425,000 precipitation into ocean 385,000 ocean wind-driven water vapor 40,000 evaporation from land plants (transpiration) 71,000 precipitation onto land 111,000 surface and groundwater flow 40,000

HANDOUT

Topography Fig , p.761 moist habitats

Characteristics of the Earth's Terrestrial Biomes

Biomes – Regions with a particular dominant vegetation – Distribution influenced by climate