Dr. Stan Gregory Department of Fisheries & Wildlife Oregon State University

Vannote et al. 1980

15 N tracer recovered (%) Forest Streams Agricultural Streams Urban Streams Organic matter9 – 588 – 6438 – >99 Gaseous N 2 and N 2 O loss<11 – 15<1 – 10 Downstream loss as NO 3 55 – 7944 – 89<1 – 53

Frady 2005

Banks 2005

Gregory et al. 1991

OG VanSickle & Gregory 1990 CC VanSickle & Gregory 1990 OG Murphy and Koski 1989 OG McDade et al.1990

Hypothesis Aquatic SlowSlow PhysicalPhysical SurfaceSurfaceTerrestrial FastFast BiologicalBiological DeepDeep

Aquatic Placement

Terrestrial Placement

Alnus rubra Decay Progression Aquatic Terrestrial Year 2Year 6Year 14

Pseudotsuga menziesii Decay Progression Aquatic Terrestrial Year 2Year 6Year 14

Resident trout populations (Mack Creek) CV = 26% Anadromous salmon populations (Coast Range) CV = 60%

Flynn Creek Before logging CV = 39% After logging CV = 42% Needle Branch Before logging CV = 39% After logging CV = 130%

Flynn Creek

Deer Creek

Needle Branch

StreamFlynnDeerNeedle CV (standard deviation/mean)

StreamFlynnDeerNeedle CV (standard deviation/mean)

Arkle and Pilliod 2010

Increased aquatic primary production Increased nutrient uptake by algae Increased quality of allochthonous inputs Increased temperature can increase growth and rates of biological processes

Increased temperature can decrease growth, increase disease, increase competition, and cause mortality Decreased uptake of nutrients by riparian plants

Decreased inputs of large wood Decreased habitat complexity Decreased refuge during floods Decreased channel stability Decreased food and nutrient retention

Proportion of landscape and river network in early seral forests Proportion of riparian areas in early seral stages Network patterns of environmental factors, nutrients, and physical structure Network pattern of aquatic ecosystems