History of Research Project on CCA-Treated Wood Presented August 18, 2005 TAG Meeting

Funding Received from Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Mngt. Florida Power and Light Sarasota County & Town of Medley/ Florida Department of Environmental Protection Florida International University/NIEHS Rutgers University/NIEHS U.Miami/NIEHS University of Florida FCES Center/NSF Public Health Trust, CA

Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E., Timothy Townsend, Ph.D. Professor, Civil/Environ. EngrgAssoc. Prof., Environ/Solid Waste Engrg Core Team of Faculty Researchers Gabriel Bitton, Ph.D.David Hahn, Ph.D. Professor, Env. Micro/ToxAssoc. Prof., Mechanical – Laser Yong Cai, Ph.D.Stuart Shalat, Sc.D. Assoc. Prof., ChemistryAssoc. Prof., Epidemiology/Pesticides Lora Fleming, M.D., Ph.D.C.Y. Wu, Ph.D. Professor., Epidemiology/MPH Assist. Prof., Env. Engineering/Air Additional Faculty Researchers

Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E., C.Y. Wu, Ph.D. Assoc. Prof., Civil/Environ. EngrgAssoc. Prof., Environ/Air Pollution Control Engineering Tim Townsend, Ph.D., P.E.Tim Townsend, Ph.D., P.E. Assoc. Prof., Environ/Solid Waste Engrg Today’s Meeting Joint Meeting

Approx. 32 Students Supported on CCA Projects Since Beginning of Project Today’s Student Presenters Colleen Block, B.S. candidate from U.Miami Brajesh Dubey, Ph.D. candidate from U.Florida Gary Jacobi, M.S. candidate from U.Miami Anadi Misra, M.S. candidate from U.Florida Amy Omae, M.S. candidate from U.Miami Tomoyuki “Shiba” Shibata, Ph.D. candidate from U.Miami

Guest Speakers Claire Cornillier, CTBA, Technical Centre for Wood and Furniture, Bordeaux, France Harvey Schneider, President, Florida Wood Recycling Medley, FL John Schert, Executive Director, Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Mgt. and Florida Center for Environmental Solutions, Gainesville, FL

History of Research Activities

Original Motivation For Project Ash Disposal Problem, 1995

FCSHWM Year 1 ( )

Year 1: C&D Wood Testing  Processed Wood at C&D Recycling Facilities 6% CCA by Weight

Year 1: Disposal Forecast (Updated 2005) As

Slower Rate of Release but More Concentrated As

FCSHWM Year 2 ( )

Year 2: Ash Leaching Studies  Leaching Studies, ash  Hazardous when CCA-treated wood represents 5% of wood burned  Solvents can extract metals from ash, citric acid very promising (40 to 100% As removed)

Year 2: Sorting  Sorting Studies, Laboratory  Chemical stains, low capital cost labor intensive  X-ray methods, high capital cost suitable for on-line system UntreatedTreated

Outline of Work Since 1999  In-Service Issues  Impacts on Soil  Runoff and Infiltration* (NIEHS funding)  Playgrounds and Children* (NIEHS funding)  Disposal  Leaching New and Weathered Wood  Chemical Alternatives to CCA  Sorting Methods* (FDEP/Medley)  Mulch Studies* (FCSHWM)

In-Service: Soil Impacts

In Service: Soil Impacts

Experimental Set-up sandy soil, 2 ft deck gravel rainwater runoff collection vessel Infiltrating rainwater precipitation

Disposal  Leaching New and Weathered Wood  Chemical Alternatives to CCA  Sorting Methods*  Mulch Studies*

Leaching of CCA-Treated Wood

TCLP Limit Leaching of CCA-Treated Wood TCLP

Field-Scale Leaching 2 Monofills / 2 C&D / 2 MSW Untreated (As mg/L) Treated (As mg/L) Wood Monofill (100% wood) < – 43 C&D Waste (34% wood) < – 1.8 MSW (2% wood) < – 2.3

Chemical Alternatives: Leaching Synthetic Rainfall

Chemical Alternatives: Aquatic Toxicity Less Toxic CCA CDDC CBA ACQ CC

Laser x-ray UntreatedTreated Test Kits x-ray Sorting

Work Products  8 FCSHWM reports, Finalized (available on-line)  1 FCSHWM reports, Draft (available on-line)  2 FCSHWM reports, Pending  13 peer-reviewed journal articles published, 2 accepted, and 3 submitted  Plus approx 40 conference proceedings and other papers

Questions? technical reports available at: under the “publications” link