Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 1 Joe Fisher H 546 – Industrial Hygiene Oregon State University 30 May 2008

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 2 Introduction One dimension <= 100 nanometers Natural and Anthropogenic Risks not well defined

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 3 Physical Characteristics / Properties Physical Chemical Biological

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 4 Risk Hazard Exposure Dose

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 5 Control Respiratory Tract (Inhalation)‏ Gastrointestinal Tract (Ingestion)‏ Skin and Eyes (Contact)‏

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 6 Absorption Distribution Metabolism and/or Storage Excretion Toxicokinetics

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 7 Industrial Hygiene Hazard – We don't know yet Exposure – Very difficult to measure Dose – In it's infancy

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 8 Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 9 Source: National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, US Department of Energy.

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 10 Source: National Cancer Institute

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 11 Source: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)‏ Nano Cobalt

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 12 Source: Usually red blood cells are a standard size of about 6-8μm. 100 to 1000 times larger than nanoparticles.

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 13 Source: TEM images of silver nanocubes synthesized under different conditions. Scale bars, 100 nm.

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 14 Source: Nanosized Inorganic Clusters Make the clusters smaller (100 nm or less) and they won’t scatter visible light. Blue Lizard Australian Sunscreen – Baby micronized -- Zinc Oxide (10%), Titanium Dioxide (5%)‏ 80 to 150 nm is best range for zinc oxide UV reduction and clear coating.

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 15 Source: ZinClear™ is an exceptionally transparent form of zinc oxide. The cosmetic acceptability of ZinClear™ breaks the barriers that restricted market penetration of conventional and micronised zinc oxide into sunscreens. ZinClear™ opens up markets in daily wear cosmetics and a host of skin care products, offering a safe effective alternative to chemical UV absorbers. 30 nm zinc oxide

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 16 Conclusion Huge market for products. Products already in the market. Safety concerns. Risk has not been determined. ( Hazard, Exposure, Dose )‏

Oregon State University Nanoparticles A Public Health Review 17 Please contact me if you have any questions. Joe Fisher Public Health Oregon State University