Lecture #15: High speed LANs

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Presentation transcript:

Lecture #15: High speed LANs C o n t e n t s Fast LANs FDDI Fast Ethernet HIPPI 2 3 7 8

Fast LANs Advances in transmission speed and distance. Technology FDDI Fast Ethernet Application inter-LAN backbones when 100 Mb/S and upper bandwidth is needed Inter LAN backbone e.g. FDDI Ring ... ATM ETHERNET TOKEN RING FIBER CHANNEL FDDI B Bridge

FDDI FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) token ring topology (because of the media) standard bandwidth 100 Mb/S ring length up to 200 km application inter LAN backbones PCM trunks and ISDN traffic (FDDI-II) FDDI physical implementation multimode fibers (thicker, based on the internal reflection, slower but cheaper than thin single-mode fibers) LED as light sources BER under 10-10 (Bit Error Rate).

FDDI Topology: FDDI Station classes - A/B 4-out-of-5 bit coding - doubled ring for full duplex transmission or single ring with token circulation FDDI Station classes - A/B 4-out-of-5 bit coding - each { } is coded with 5 bits – 75% more congested coding than Manchester code but not self-clocked  synchronization by leading preamble for each frame. 4-bit data sequence (16) frame delimiters (3) control sequences (2) hardware signals (3)

FDDI Token Ring and Frame Much longer circumnavigate distances than in 802.5 allow multiple frame circulation in the ring One-token-multiple-frames scheme (asynchronous “bursty” traffic) General Frame format preamble Start/End Delimiters (SD/ED) Frame Control byte (FC) /Data/control frame/ Destination and Source Addresses - 2 or 6 bytes (DA, SA) unlimited Info FCS - CRC error control Frame Status byte (FS) Token Frame format Frame Control byte (FC) 15/1 15/2

FDDI Token Ring Timing and Synchronous Transmission Token holding timer - station time limit for token holding Token rotation timer - starting the token recovery procedure after the time-out Valid transmission timer - detecting transient ring problems after the time-out Synchronous transmission over FDDI (“stream traffic”): synchronous frame header field (16B) for non-circuit-switching data data field (up to 96B) - 4 T1 (4x24) PCM channels of 1.544Mb/S or 3 E1 (3x32) CCITT channels of 2.048 Mb/S. timing - up to 16 sync. frames per 125mS period i.e. up to 8000*16 sync. frames/S (synchronous transmission bandwidth 8000*16*96B*8b=98.304 b/S)

Fast ETHERNET Faster Ethernet MAC protocol over 10 times shorter transmission cable ETH cable segments are connected by hubs Cabling cat. 3 twisted pair - 4 twisted pairs: to/from hub + 2 pairs switchable to the active station cat. 5 twisted pair - 2 twisted pairs: to/from hub fiber - in and out multimode fiber up to 2 km Twisted pair hubs shared hub switched (buffered) hub 4/47

HIPPI Standard 4/48 HIPPI (High Performance Parallel Interface) . . . Point-to-Point parallel computer interface with Primary/Secondary logical connectivity crossbar switch extension cabling: 50 twisted pair lines in parallel splitting 32b/18b (data/interface control incl. 1 parity bit) simplex mode; two lines in parallel for full duplex mode; maximum line length 25m. Frame format: 256 words (32b) with parity bit per each word and and a parity word at the end of each frame (no CRC): 4/48 30 . 1 31 bFF bFE b1 b0 . . . p30 p1 p0 p31 pb