Chapter 12: Structure and Movement

Section 1: The Skeletal System

Functions of Your Skeletal System All the bones in your body make up your skeletal system five major functions 1. The skeleton gives shape and support to your body.

Functions of Your Skeletal System 2. Bones protect your internal organs. For example, ribs surround the heart and lungs, and the skull encloses the brain 3. Major muscles are attached to bone and help them move.

Functions of Your Skeletal System 4. Blood cells are formed in the center of many bones in soft tissue called red marrow. 5. Calcium and phosphorous make bones hard. Milk is good for the bones!

Bone Formation Any place where two or more bones come together is a joint. The bones are held in place at these joints by a tough band of tissue called a ligament.

Immovable vs. Movable bones In a pivot joint, one bone rotates in a ring of another bone that does not move. An immovable joint allows little or no movement

Types of Bone Marrow (pg 413) ____ & ____ are the two types of bone marrow. ____ bone marrow is where red blood cells are made. ____ bone marrow stores ____.

Bone Injuries & Diseases http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rDsuJwtod9w http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kpC8rLi1Yxw

Section 2: The Muscular System 10

Movement of the Human Body A muscle is an organ that can relax, contract, and provide the force to move your body parts. 11

Voluntary muscles vs nonvoluntary muscles Muscles that you are able to control are called voluntary muscles. EX: hand, arm, and leg muscles are voluntary. Involuntary muscles are muscles you can’t control consciously. Ex: Heart 12

Classification of Muscle Tissue The three types of muscles are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. The muscles that move bones are skeletal muscles. 13

Classification of Muscle Tissue Smooth muscles are found in your internal organs.

Classification of Muscle Tissue Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart. INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES

Muscle Diseases http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wLnR7GJakY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOvvW8gbWSA

Section 3: The Skin 17

The Skin 3 Your Largest Organ

5 functions of Skin 1. Protection 2. Nerve Cells tell you about what’s happening to your body. For example, the stove is hot. Produce Vitamin D3 Controls body temperature Prevents water loss

Skin Diseases http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Lox0JHKFM0