CHEMICAL EQUATIONS PRACTICE: –BALANCING FOR CONSERVATION OF MASS –TYPES OF REACTIONS

A Three Step Approach First a word equation is written to summarize the reaction in words. hydrogen +oxygen water The above is read as: Hydrogen gas molecules react with oxygen gas molecules to produce water molecules Then a skeleton equation is written with all the correct formulas for the substances. H 2(g) + O 2 (g) H 2 O ( l ) Then the equation is balanced for conservation of mass. (Large multipliers are placed in front of substances to balance the equation) 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation silver nitrate + copper copper(I) nitrate + silver Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) AgNO 3 + Cu Cu NO 3 + Ag Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1 AgNO Cu 1 Cu NO Ag PRACTICE-1 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? silver nitrate reacts with copper to produce copper(I)... TYPE single replacement

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation magnesium metal + hydrochloric acid ) magnesium chloride + hydrogen gas Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Mg (s) + HCl (aq) MgCl 2 +H 2 (g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1 Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq) 1 MgCl H 2 (g) PRACTICE-2 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? magnesium metal reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce TYPE single replacement

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation iron metal + oxygen gas Iron (lll) oxide Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Fe (s) + O 2 (g) Fe 2 O 3 (s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 4 Fe (s) + 3 O 2 (g) 2 Fe 2 O 3 (s) PRACTICE-3 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? iron metal reacts with oxygen to produce Iron (lll)...TYPE simple addition

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation mercury metal + oxygen gas mercury (l) oxide Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) Hg (s) + O 2 (g) Hg 2 O (s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 4 Hg (s) + 1 O 2 (g) 2 Hg 2 O (s) PRACTICE-4 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? mercury reacts with oxygen to produce mercury (l)... TYPE simple addition

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation silver nitrate + magnesium chloride magnesium nitrate + silver chloride Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) AgNO 3 (aq) + MgCl 2 (aq) Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + AgCl (s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2AgNO 3 (aq) + 1MgCl 2 (aq) 1Mg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2AgCl (s) PRACTICE-5 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? silver nitrate reacts reacts with magnesium chloride to produce... TYPE double replacement

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation potassium chlorate potassium chloride + oxygen Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) KClO 3 (aq KCl (s) + O 2 (g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2KClO 3 (aq 2KCl (s) + 3O 2 PRACTICE-6 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? potassium chlorate when heated produces... TYPE decomposition

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) CaCO 3 (s) CaO (s) + CO 2 (g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1CaCO 3 (s) 1 CaO (s) + 1CO 2 (g) PRACTICE-7 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? calcium carbonate when heated produces... TYPE decomposition

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation copper (l) nitrate + mercury (l1) chloride mercury (1l) nitrate + copper(1) chloride Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) 2CuNO 3 (aq) + 1HgCl 2 (aq) 1Hg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2CuCl (s) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2CuNO 3 (aq) + 1HgCl 2 (aq) 1Hg(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2CuCl (s) PRACTICE-8 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? Copper(1)nitrate reacts with mercury(ll) chloride to produce... TYPE double replacement

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation methane gas + oxygen gas carbon dioxide + water Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) CH 4 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) +H 2 O (g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 1 CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g) 1CO 2 (g) +2H 2 O (g) PRACTICE-9 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? methane “CH 4 (g)” reacts with oxygen to produce... TYPE hydrocarbon combustion

Step 1: Summarize the text into a word equation butane gas + oxygen gas carbon dioxide + water Step 2:Write the skeleton equation. (It has correctly charge-balanced FORMULAS. ) C 4 H 10 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) +H 2 O (g) Step 3:Balance the equation for conservation of mass. 2 [1 C 4 H 10 (g) + 13/2O 2 (g) 4CO 2 (g) +5H 2 O (g) ] 2 C 4 H 10 (g) + 13O 2 (g) 8CO 2 (g) +10H 2 O (g) ] PRACTICE-10 The types of chemical reactions can be used to predict possible products given the reactants. The reaction is then done and the products are observed to verify the prediction. What evidence would you look for in the following reaction? butane C 4 H 10 (g) reacts with oxygen to produce... TYPE hydrocarbon combustion