TECHNOLOGY GUIDE THREE Cloud Computing

TECHNOLOGY GUIDE OUTLINE TG3.1 Introduction TG3.2 What Is Cloud Computing? TG3.3 Different Types of Clouds TG3.4 Cloud Computing Services TG3.5 The Benefits of Cloud Computing TG3.6 Concerns and Risks with Cloud Computing

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the problems that modern information technology departments face. 2. Describe the key characteristics and advantages of cloud computing. 3. Identify a use-case-scenario for each of the four types of clouds. 4. Explain the operational model of each of the three types of cloud services.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 5. Identify the key benefits of cloud computing. 6. Discuss the concerns and risks associated with cloud computing.

TG 3.1 Evolution of Modern IT Infrastructure Stand-alone mainframes Mainframes and dumb terminals Stand-alone personal computers Local area networks Enterprise computing (wide area networks and the Internet) Cloud computing and mobile computing

Problems Faced by Traditional IT Departments On-premise computing: a type of IT model where a company owns its IT infrastructure (hardware, software, networks, and data management) and maintains that infrastructure internally (or “on premise”)

Problems Faced by Traditional IT Departments (continued) * Expensive: IT staff, software licenses, hardware * Funds expended on maintaining existing systems rather than on developing new systems * Can result in a lack of flexibility for the organization to meet rapidly changing business conditions

TG 3.2 What Is Cloud Computing? Cloud computing: a type of computing that delivers convenient, on-demand, pay-as-you-go access for multiple customers to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (servers, networks, storage, applications, and services)

Cloud Computing Characteristics Provides on-demand self service Encompasses grid computing Encompasses utility computing Utilizes broad network access Pools computing resources Often occurs on virtualized servers

Grid Computing Grid computing: shares the processing resources of many geographically dispersed computers across a network Provides fault tolerance and redundancy Enables companies to scale up and scale down

Grid Computing Grid computing involves applying the resources of many computers in a network to a single problem at the same time.

Utility Computing Utility computing: a service provider makes computing resources and infrastructure management available to customers as needed Customers pay based on usage, not a flat rate

Utility Computing Utility computing (also called subscription computing and on-demand computing) is when a service provider makes computing resources and infrastructure management available to a customer as needed for a charge based on specific usage rather than a flat rate.

Server Farms Server farms: massive data centers, which may contain hundreds of thousands of networked computer servers

Server Virtualization Server virtualization: uses software-based partitions to create multiple virtual servers – called virtual machines – on a single physical server

Organizational server farms in relation to the Internet

TG 3.3 Different Types of Clouds Public cloud: shared, easily accessible, multi-customer IT infrastructure available nonexclusively to any entity in the general public (individuals, groups, and/or organizations) Private cloud (internal or corporate cloud): IT infrastructures that can be accessed only by a single entity or by an exclusive group of related entities that share the same purpose Hybrid cloud: composed of public and private clouds that remain unique entities while offering users the benefits of multiple deployment models

The Three Types of Clouds

TG 3.4 Cloud Computing Services Infrastructure-as-a-Service: cloud computing vendors offer remotely accessible servers, networks, and storage capacity Platform-as-a-Service: customers rent servers, operating systems, storage, a database, software development technologies, and network capacity over the Internet Software-as-a-Service: cloud computing vendors provide software over the Internet that is specific to their customers’ requirements

TG 3.5 Benefits of Cloud Computing Making individuals more productive Facilitating collaboration Mining insights from data Reducing costs Expand scope of business operations Respond quickly to market changes Customize products and services

TG 3.6 Risks of Cloud Computing Legacy IT systems Reliability Privacy Security Legal and regulatory environment