The Sacrament of the Eucharist Chapter 5

SOURCE AND SUMMIT What does this mean? Compare the Eucharist to a family dinner table Ties us to the past, makes the present come alive, and sets us on the course for which we are called at the end of our lives The word means “to give thanks” Assimilates us into Christ We are what we eat Allows us to continue Jesus’ work of spreading the Gospel and sharing God’s love with others Our daily food for the spirit The sacrament of the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross

UNDERSTANDING THE SACRAMENT OF THE EUCHARIST Bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Christ through invocation of H.S. A request for God’s help Bread and wine signify the goodness of God’s creation Offered in sacrifice among the first of fruits of earth (OT) The manna the Israelites ate in the desert “Cup of blessing” during Jewish Passover Difficult for some people to accept this command of Jesus Don’t believe in Christ’s actual presence in the species Even the Apostles struggle with this “Do you also want to leave?”

The Institution of the Eucharist Jesus Anticipates his Passion and Death and interprets them in terms of the Jewish Passover. His sacrifice transcends time, winning justification for all the faithful Because Apostles have power to change bread and wine into Blood and Body, Jesus is accessible 24/7

The Eucharist Through the Age of the Church Rooted in Jewish faith Morning prayer in Temple; Evening meal and Eucharist After Temple destroyed celebrated both together in evening Mass of Catechumens (Liturgy of Word); Liturgy of Eucharist Throughout history we see it organically grow into how we celebrate the Eucharist today. Second Vatican Council

CELEBRATING THE SACRAMENT OF THE EUCHARIST Precondition The gathering of people in one place The High Priest of the ceremony = Christ He is the invisible presider of all Eucharistic celebrations (Mass) Bishops and priests act in the person of Christ Preside over a particular celebration

Order of the Mass Liturgy of the Word Liturgy of the Eucharist Introductory rites Liturgy of the Word Liturgy of the Eucharist Concluding rites

Introductory Rites Purpose is to help the assembled people to become a worshipping community and prepare them for listening to God’s Word and celebrating the Eucharist Procession and entrance song Priest greets people Penitential rite Invitation to repent of sin Confetitor (“I Confess”) Prepares one to receive God’s grace

Liturgy of the Word First reading Responsorial Psalm OT, Acts, or Revelation Responsorial Psalm Second reading (Only on Sundays & Holy Days) Usually NT letters Alleluia (Gospel Acclamation) Gospel reading Priest or Deacon Homily Catechumens dismissed Nicene Creed Prayers of the Faithful

Liturgy of the Eucharist Presentation of the Offering Eucharistic Prayer Preface Epiclesis Words of Institution Anamnesis Intercessions for the entire Church Doxology Great Amen Communion Rite Concluding Rite

Presentation of the Offering Also known as Offertory Tradition dates back to giving gifts for Apostles and the poor Gifts of bread and wine presented Wine poured into chalice Drop of water added; symbolizes the human nature of Jesus that coexists his divinity Vessels of hosts are placed on corporal (white cloth) and are readied for consecration “Pray , my brothers and sisters, that our sacrifice may be acceptable to God…” “May the Lord accept the sacrifice at your hands..”

Eucharistic Prayer The Church’s great prayer of praise and thanksgiving to God 4 main Eucharistic prayers in Roman rite High point of the Mass Preface - prayer of thanksgiving, Sanctus (“Holy, Holy, Holy”) Epiclesis - Invocation of the H.S. to sanctify bread and wine and make them Body and Blood of Christ Not by power of presider but by the Holy Spirit Words of Institution - The words said by Jesus over the bread and wine at the Last Supper. The priest repeats these words over the species as they are changed into the actual Body and Blood of Christ Anamnesis - means “memorial”; call to mind Jesus’ Passion and resurrection (“Christ has died….”) Intercessions for entire Church - living and dead Doxology - A prayer of praise to the Blessed Trinity Great Amen - “So be it” or “I agree” The affirmation by the people to the entire Eucharistic Prayer

The Communion Rite Prepares the faithful to receive the Lord Consists of: Lords Prayer (“Our Father”) Rite of Peace Fraction Rite: when priest breaks the Body of Christ Puts piece of Body in Blood to symbolize the unity between the two Reception of Communion Prayer after Communion Concluding rite - people sent out into the world Charged to “love and serve the Lord”; be Christ for others

THE GRACES OF HOLY COMMUNION Principle effect: it strengthens our union with Christ We are strengthened to love others because God first loved us Not only enables us to love others in imitation of Christ but also to be united with Christ in a way that reveals himself to others through us

Unity with Christ Christ becomes a part of us and we become a part of him

Separation from Sin Holy Communion cleanses the soul of venial sins Venial sin = weakens our relationship with God Our unity with Christ makes it difficult for us to break away from him by mortal sin However, does not forgive us of mortal sins Mortal sin = full consent of the will to violate God’s law of love; results in loss of sanctifying grace Not intended to; reserved for Reconciliation

Becoming Church “Because the loaf of bread is one, we though many, are one body, for we all partake of the one loaf” (1 Cor 10:17) We not only are united with Christ but with the other faithful as well As a sacrament of initiation the Eucharist does two main things: Continually incorporates us more into the Church Nourishes us spiritually to become the Church Evangelize to and serve others

To Be Eucharist for Others Through the Eucharist we become the bread others need We love because of how God has loved us; compassion and mercy Provide physical as well as emotional, psychological, and spiritual needs of others

Requirements for Formal Reception Examination of conscience Must be properly disposed Right mindset; willfully accept Trinity in your life Must be in a state of grace We are not in communion with God if we have sinned mortally Must be reconciled At least once a year at Easter Church encourages on Sunday, feast days, and even more so daily One hour fast before Communion from food and drink Except water First Communion 7 years of age

WE ARE SENT Mass comes from Latin missa, which means “dismissal” Meant to encourage outreach by those who participated Dismissal rite Because of the Eucharist just celebrated Christ is with us and within us Be the Eucharist for others; mission Why it is the “source and summit of our Christian life” Keeps us connected to Christ Gives is the ability to continue Christ’s ministry