What is system software and what are its parts? Programs that control operation of computer Two parts are operating systems utility programs

The functions of an operating system are? start up the computer provide user interface manage programs manage memory schedule jobs and configure devices control a network administer security access the Web monitor performance and provide housekeeping services

Where are operating systems found? On the hard drive of an device that contains a hard drive On ROM chips

What is booting a computer? Causing the computer to start executing instructions. PCs and Macs contain built-in instructions in a ROM or flash memory chip that are automatically executed on startup. These instructions search for the operating system, load it and pass control to it.

What are the steps in the boot process from the time you turn on the computer until the OS interface appears?

How a PC boots Step 1: Power supply sends signal to components in system unit Step 2: The processor accesses BIOS to start computer Processor BIOS

processor BIOS CD-ROM drive Step 3: BIOS checks components such as mouse, keyboard connectors, and expansion cards expansion cards

Step 4: Results of POST are compared to data in the CMOS chip processor BIOS CD-ROM drive CMOS expansion cards

Step 5: BIOS looks for system files on drives such as the hard drive or CD/DVD drive processor BIOS hard disk CD-ROM drive CMOS floppy disk drive expansion cards Drive that contains operating system is called boot drive

Step 6: Boot program loads kernel of operating system into RAM from boot drive processor BIOS hard disk CD-ROM drive (RAM) memory modules CMOS floppy disk drive Step 6 expansion cards Operating system in memory takes control of computer

Step 7 Step 7: Operating system loads configuration information and displays desktop on screen Operating system executes programs in StartUp folder

What are the two ways to boot a computer? Cold boot - Starting the computer by turning power on. Turning power off and then back on again clears memory and many internal settings. Warm boot - Restarting the computer by performing a reset operation (pressing reset, Ctrl-Alt-Del, etc.) while the computer is still turned on.

What are the three types of user interfaces?

Command Line

menu-driven interface

Graphic User Interface (GUI)

What are the three categories of operating systems? Stand-alone Network Embedded

What are some of the common utility programs? Backup utility File Manager Personal Firewall Software Uninstaller Disk Scanner Disk Defragmenter Performance Monitors